Andujar P, Simon-Deckers A, Galateau-Salle F, Fayard B, Beaune G, Clin B, Billon-Galland MA, Durupthy O, Pairon JC, Doucet J, et al. Role of metal oxide nanoparticles in histopathological changes observed in the lung of welders. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2014;11:23.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liao HY, Chung YT, Lai CH, Wang SL, Chiang HC, Li LA, Tsou TC, Li WF, Lee HL, Wu WT, et al. Six-month follow-up study of health markers of nanomaterials among workers handling engineered nanomaterials. Nanotoxicology. 2014;8(Suppl 1):100–10.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bao L, Geng Z, Wang J, He L, Kang A, Song J, Huang X, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Jiang T, et al. Attenuated T cell activation and rearrangement of T cell receptor beta repertoire in silica nanoparticle-induced pulmonary fibrosis of mice. Environ Res. 2022;213: 113678.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Zhu Y, Zhao B, Yao Q, Xu H, Lv S, Wang J, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo C. Amorphous silica nanoparticles caused lung injury through the induction of epithelial apoptosis via ROS/Ca(2+)/DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission signaling. Nanotoxicology. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/17435390.2022.2144774.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li X, Li Y, Lv S, Xu H, Ma R, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo C. Long-term respiratory exposure to amorphous silica nanoparticles promoted systemic inflammation and progression of fibrosis in a susceptible mouse model. Chemosphere. 2022;300: 134633.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zou Y, Li Q, Jiang L, Guo C, Li Y, Yu Y, Li Y, Duan J, Sun Z. DNA Hypermethylation of CREB3L1 and Bcl-2 associated with the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway in human BEAS-2B cells exposure to silica nanoparticles. PLoS ONE. 2016;11: e0158475.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guo C, Lv S, Liu Y, Li Y. Biomarkers for the adverse effects on respiratory system health associated with atmospheric particulate matter exposure. J Hazard Mater. 2022;421: 126760.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gohy ST, Hupin C, Pilette C, Ladjemi MZ. Chronic inflammatory airway diseases: the central role of the epithelium revisited. Clin Exp Allergy. 2016;46:529–42.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xu H, Ling M, Xue J, Dai X, Sun Q, Chen C, Liu Y, Zhou L, Liu J, Luo F, et al. Exosomal microRNA-21 derived from bronchial epithelial cells is involved in aberrant epithelium-fibroblast cross-talk in COPD induced by cigarette smoking. Theranostics. 2018;8:5419–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fujita Y, Araya J, Ito S, Kobayashi K, Kosaka N, Yoshioka Y, Kadota T, Hara H, Kuwano K, Ochiya T. Suppression of autophagy by extracellular vesicles promotes myofibroblast differentiation in COPD pathogenesis. J Extracell Vesicles. 2015;4:28388.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang M, Yu Q, Tang W, Wu Y, Lv J, Sun L, Shi G, Wu M, Qu J, Di C, Xia Z. Epithelial exosomal contactin-1 promotes monocyte-derived dendritic cell-dominant T-cell responses in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;148:1545–58.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Doyle LM, Wang MZ. Overview of Extracellular Vesicles, Their Origin, Composition, Purpose, and Methods for Exosome Isolation and Analysis. Cells. 2019;8:727.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pegtel DM, Gould SJ. Exosomes. Annu Rev Biochem. 2019;88:487–514.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Colombo M, Raposo G, Thery C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:255–89.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Teng Y, Xu F, Zhang X, Mu J, Sayed M, Hu X, Lei C, Sriwastva M, Kumar A, Sundaram K, et al. Plant-derived exosomal microRNAs inhibit lung inflammation induced by exosomes SARS-CoV-2 Nsp12. Mol Ther. 2021;29:2424–40.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yang F, Ning Z, Ma L, Liu W, Shao C, Shu Y, Shen H. Exosomal miRNAs and miRNA dysregulation in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Mol Cancer. 2017;16:148.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhao S, Li W, Yu W, Rao T, Li H, Ruan Y, Yuan R, Li C, Ning J, Li S, et al. Exosomal miR-21 from tubular cells contributes to renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via targeting PTEN in obstructed kidneys. Theranostics. 2021;11:8660–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Njock MS, Guiot J, Henket MA, Nivelles O, Thiry M, Dequiedt F, Corhay JL, Louis RE, Struman I. Sputum exosomes: promising biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax. 2019;74:309–12.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yang H, Zhang Y, Li W, Lao C, Li M, Zheng Y. Altered microRNA expression profiles in lung damage induced by nanosized SiO2. Bioengineered. 2017;8:45–54.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Duan J, Chai X, Yang M, Wang J, Chen R, Sun Z. Microarray-assisted size-effect study of amorphous silica nanoparticles on human bronchial epithelial cells. Nanoscale. 2019;11:22907–23.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yang H, Li W, Zhang Y, Li M, Gao Y, Lao C, Shi B. Regulatory role of miR-18a to CCN2 by TGF-beta1 signaling pathway in pulmonary injury induced by nano-SiO(2). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018;25:867–76.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osei ET, Florez-Sampedro L, Tasena H, Faiz A, Noordhoek JA, Timens W, Postma DS, Hackett TL, Heijink IH, Brandsma CA. miR-146a-5p plays an essential role in the aberrant epithelial-fibroblast cross-talk in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02538-2016.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Di T, Yang Y, Fu C, Zhang Z, Qin C, Sai X, Liu J, Hu C, Zheng M, Wu Y, Bian T. Let-7 mediated airway remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via the regulation of IL-6. Eur J Clin Invest. 2021;51: e13425.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guo C, Xia Y, Niu P, Jiang L, Duan J, Yu Y, Zhou X, Li Y, Sun Z. Silica nanoparticles induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in vitro via activation of the MAPK/Nrf2 pathway and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling. Int J Nanomedicine. 2015;10:1463–77.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ma R, Qi Y, Zhao X, Li X, Sun X, Niu P, Li Y, Guo C, Chen R, Sun Z. Amorphous silica nanoparticles accelerated atherosclerotic lesion progression in ApoE(-/-) mice through endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated CD36 up-regulation in macrophage. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2020;17:50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li X, Xu H, Zhao X, Li Y, Lv S, Zhou W, Wang J, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo C. Ferroptosis contributing to cardiomyocyte injury induced by silica nanoparticles via miR-125b-2-3p/HO-1 signaling. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2024;21:17.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ashcroft T, Simpson JM, Timbrell V. Simple method of estimating severity of pulmonary fibrosis on a numerical scale. J Clin Pathol. 1988;41:467–70.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Myllyharju J. Prolyl 4-hydroxylases, key enzymes in the synthesis of collagens and regulation of the response to hypoxia, and their roles as treatment targets. Ann Med. 2008;40:402–17.

Article  CAS  PubMed