Song ZQ, Chen JQ, Jiang HC, Zhou EM, Tang SK, Zhi XY, Zhang LX, Zhang CL, Li WJ (2010) Diversity of Crenarchaeota in terrestrial Hot Springs in Tengchong, China. Extremophiles 14:287–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-010-0307-6

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang Q, Jiang H, Briggs BR, Wang S, Hou W, Li G, Wu G, Solis R, Arcilla CA, Abrajano T, Dong H (2013) Archaeal and bacterial diversity in acidic to circumneutral Hot Springs in the Philippines. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 452:464–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12134

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sylvana JB, Toner BM, Edwards KJ (2012) Life and death of deep-sea vents: bacterial diversity and ecosystem succession on inactive hydrothermal sulfides. MBio 3:279–311. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00279-11

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Benson CA, Bizzoco RW, Lipson DA, Kelley ST (2011) Microbial diversity in nonsulfur, sulfur and iron geothermal steam vents. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 76(1):74–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01047.x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gupta P, Manjula A, Rajendhran J, Gunasekaran P, Vakhlu J (2017) Comparison of metagenomic DNA extraction methods for soil sediments of high elevation Puga hot spring in Ladakh, India to explore bacterial diversity. Geomicrobiol J 34(4):289–299. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2015.1128995

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mardanov AV, Gumerov VM, Beletsky AV, Perevalova AA, Karpov GA, Bonch-Osmolovskaya EA, Ravin NV (2011) Uncultured archaea dominate in the thermal groundwater of Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka. Extremophiles 15:365– 72. 15:365–372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-011-0368-1

Guo L, Wang G, Sheng Y, Sun X, Shi Z, Xu Q, Mu W (2020) Temperature governs the distribution of hot spring microbial community in three hydrothermal fields, Eastern Tibetan Plateau Geothermal Belt, Western China. Sci Total Environ 720:137574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137574

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Konhauser KO, Jones B, Reysenbach A, Renaut RW (2003) Hot spring sinters: keys to understanding Earth’s earliest life forms. Can J Earth Sci 40:1713–1724. https://doi.org/10.1139/e03-059

Article  Google Scholar 

Reigstad LJ, Jorgensen SL, Schleper C (2010) Diversity and abundance of Korarchaeota in terrestrial Hot Springs of Iceland and Kamchatka. ISME J 4:346–356. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2009.126

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hall JR, Mitchell KR, Jackson-Weaver O, Kooser AS, Cron BR, Crossey LJ, Takacs-Vesbach CD (2008) Molecular characterization of the diversity and distribution of a thermal spring microbial community by using rRNA and metabolic genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:4910–4922. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00233-08

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vick TJ, Dodsworth JA, Costa KC, Shock EL, Hedlund BP (2010) Microbiology and geochemistry of Little Hot Creek, a hot spring environment in the Long Valley Caldera. Geobiology 8:140–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4669.2009.00228.x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sanchez-Garcia L, Fernandez-Martinez MA, García-Villadangos M, Blanco Y, Cady SL, Hinman N, Bowden ME, Pointing SB, Lee KC, Warren-Rhodes K, Lacap-Bugler D (2019) Microbial biomarker transition in high-altitude sinter mounds from El Tatio (Chile) through different stages of hydrothermal activity. Front Microbiol 9:3350. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03350

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Das S, Thakur N (2021) The microbial diversity of hot springs located in Himalayan Geothermal Belts (HGB). In Extreme Environments pp. 18–43

Singh H, Mahatsente R, Roeske S (2020) Lithospheric structure of eastern tibetan plateau from terrestrial and satellite gravity data modeling: implication for asthenospheric underplating. Lithosphere 18897964. https://doi.org/10.2113/2020/8897964

Singh UK, Tiwari RK, Singh SB (2010) Inversion of 2-D DC resistivity data using rapid optimization and minimal complexity neural network. Nonlinear Proc Geophys 17(1):65–76. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-17-65-2010

Article  Google Scholar 

Wahid A, Ali A, Dixit J, Shukla RM (2022) Prospect of protected cultivation under cold arid region of Ladakh, India: Status and future prospect. Pharma Innov J SP–11(10):1054–1056

Google Scholar 

Harinarayana T, Azeez KA, Murthy DN, Veeraswamy K, Rao SE, Manoj C, Naganjaneyulu K (2006) Exploration of geothermal structure in Puga geothermal field, Ladakh Himalayas, India by magnetotelluric studies. J Appl Geophys 58(4):280–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.05.005

Article  Google Scholar 

Kundu A (2018) Geothermal resource exertion: Indian scenario. In IOP conference series: Materials Science and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/377/1/012018

Andrews S (2010) FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. 2010

Chen S, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Gu J (2018) Fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor. Bioinformatics 34(17):i884–i890. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty560

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ewels P, Magnusson M, Lundin S, Käller M (2016) MultiQC: summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report. Bioinformatics 32(19):3047–3048. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Keegan KP, Glass EM, Meyer F (2016) MG-RAST, a metagenomics service for analysis of microbial community structure and function. Method Mol Biol 207–233. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3369-3_13

Wood DE, Lu J, Langmead B (2019) Improved metagenomic analysis with Kraken 2. Genome Biol 20(1):1–3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-019-1891-0

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Andersen KS, Kirkegaard RH, Karst SM, Albertsen M (2018) ampvis2: an R package to analyse and visualise 16S rRNA amplicon data. BioRxiv 1:299537. https://doi.org/10.1101/299537

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Federhen S (2012) The NCBI taxonomy database. Nucleic Acid Res 40(D1). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr1178. pp. D136-D143

Letunic I, Bork P (2019) Interactive tree of life (iTOL) v4: recent updates and new developments. Nucleic Acid Res 47(W1). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz239. W256-9

Ahangar FA (2012) Feasibility study of developing a binary power plant in the low-temperature geothermal field in Puga, Jammu and Kashmir, India. UNU-GTP, Iceland

Google Scholar 

Shanker R, Absar A, Srivastava GC, Pandey SN (1999) Source and significance of anomalously high cesium in geothermal fluid at Puga, Ladakh, India. InProceedings of the 21st New Zealand Geothermal Workshop pp. 79–82

Srivastav GC, Srivastav R, Absar A (1996) Application of gas chemistry in evaluating reservoir temperature of some Indian geothermal systems. Visesa Prakasana-Bharatiya Bhuvaijñanika Sarveksana 45:83–86

Google Scholar 

Razdan PN, Agarwal RK, Singh R (2008) Geothermal energy resources and their potential in India. Earth Sci India 1

Menzel PGudbergsdóttir, Rike SR, Lin AG, Zhang L, Contursi Q, Moracci P, Kristjansson M, Bolduc JK, Gavrilov B, Ravin S N (2015) Comparative metagenomics of eight geographically remote terrestrial Hot Springs. Microb Ecol 70:411–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-015-0576-9

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park H, Brotto AC, van Loosdrecht MC, Chandran K (2017) Discovery and metagenomic analysis of an anammox bacterial enrichment related to Candidatus Brocadia caroliniensis in a full-scale glycerol-fed nitritation-denitritation separate centrate treatment process. Water Res 111:265–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.011

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lyu C, Chen C, Ge F, Liu D, Zhao S, Chen D (2013) A preliminary metagenomic study of puer tea during pile fermentation. J Sci Food Agri 93(13):3165–3174. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6149

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bohlin J, Snipen L, Hardy SP, Kristoffersen AB, Lagesen K, Dønsvik T, Skjerve E, Ussery DW (2010) Analysis of intragenomic GC content homogeneity within prokaryotes. BMC Genom 1:8–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-464

Article  Google Scholar 

Najar IN, Sherpa MT, Das S, Das S, Thakur N (2020) Diversity analysis and metagenomic insights into antibiotic and metal resistance among himalayan hot spring bacteriobiome insinuating inherent environmental baseline levels of antibiotic and metal tolerance. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 342:352–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JGAR.2020.03.026

Article  Google Scholar 

Anu K, Kumari S, Choudhary G, Devi S Microbial diversity analysis of Chumathang geothermal spring, Ladakh, India. Braz J Microbiol 2024 Feb 29:1–1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-024-01284-3

Hugenholtz P, Goebel BM, Pace NR (1998) Impact of culture-independent studies on the emerging phylogenetic view of bacterial diversity. J Bacteriol 180(18):4765–4774. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.180.18.4765-4774.1998

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Huang Q, Dong CZ, Dong RM, Jiang H, Wang S, Wang G, Fang B, Ding X, Niu L, Li X, Zhang C, Dong H (2011) Archaeal and bacterial diversity in Hot Springs on the Tibetan Plateau, China. Extremophiles 549:563–515. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00792-011-0386-Z/FIGURES/4

Article  Google Scholar 

Tang J, Liang Y, Jiang D, Li L, Luo Y, Shah MM, Daroch M (2018) Temperature-controlled thermophilic bacterial communities in Hot Springs of western Sichuan, China. BMC Microbiol 18:1–4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-018-1271-z

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Galada N (2012) Metagenomic analysis and characterization of microbial diversity from hydrothermal samples of El Tatio geyser field Chile Doctoral dissertation, University of the West