Dendrou CA, Fugger L, Friese MA. Immunopathology of multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Immunol. 2015;15:545–58.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Yadav SK, Mindur JE, Ito K, Dhib-Jalbut S. Advances in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol. 2015;28:206–19.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Compston A, Coles A. Multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2008;372:1502–17.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Mahad DH, Trapp BD, Lassmann H. Pathological mechanisms in progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14:183–93.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Confavreux C, Vukusic S. The clinical course of multiple sclerosis. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014;122:343–69.
Robinson AP, Harp CT, Noronha A, Miller SD. The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS: utility for understanding disease pathophysiology and treatment. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014;122:173–89.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lovett-Racke AE. Contribution of EAE to understanding and treating multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol. 2017;304:40–2.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Constantinescu CS, Farooqi N, O’Brien K, Gran B. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Br J Pharmacol. 2011;164:1079–106.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lassmann H, Bradl M. Multiple sclerosis: experimental models and reality. Acta Neuropathol. 2017;133:223–44.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Domingues HS, Mues M, Lassmann H, Wekerle H, Krishnamoorthy G. Functional and pathogenic differences of Th1 and Th17 cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PLoS ONE. 2010;5:e15531.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Arellano G, Acuña E, Reyes LI, Ottum PA, De Sarno P, Villarroel L, Ciampi E, Uribe-San Martín R, Cárcamo C, Naves R. Th1 and Th17 cells and Associated cytokines discriminate among clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis phenotypes. Front Immunol. 2017;8:753.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Miller SD, Karpus WJ. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the mouse. Curr Protoc Immunol 2007, Chap. 15:Unit 15.11.
Wasser B, Pramanik G, Hess M, Klein M, Luessi F, Dornmair K, Bopp T, Zipp F, Witsch E. Increase of alternatively activated Antigen presenting cells in active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2016;11:721–32.
Rawji KS, Yong VW. The benefits and detriments of macrophages/microglia in models of multiple sclerosis. Clin Dev Immunol. 2013;2013:948976.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jiang Z, Jiang JX, Zhang GX. Macrophages: a double-edged sword in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Lett. 2014;160:17–22.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ibañez-Vega J, Vilchez C, Jimenez K, Guevara C, Burgos PI, Naves R. Cellular and molecular regulation of the programmed death-1/programmed death ligand system and its role in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun. 2021;123:102702.
Wang L, Li Z, Ciric B, Safavi F, Zhang GX, Rostami A. Selective depletion of CD11c(+) CD11b(+) dendritic cells partially abrogates tolerogenic effects of intravenous MOG in murine EAE. Eur J Immunol. 2016;46:2454–66.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Korn T, Reddy J, Gao W, Bettelli E, Awasthi A, Petersen TR, Bäckström BT, Sobel RA, Wucherpfennig KW, Strom TB, et al. Myelin-specific regulatory T cells accumulate in the CNS but fail to control autoimmune inflammation. Nat Med. 2007;13:423–31.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
McGeachy MJ, Stephens LA, Anderton SM. Natural recovery and protection from autoimmune encephalomyelitis: contribution of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory cells within the central nervous system. J Immunol. 2005;175:3025–32.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ma A, Xiong Z, Hu Y, Qi S, Song L, Dun H, Zhang L, Lou D, Yang P, Zhao Z, et al. Dysfunction of IL-10-producing type 1 regulatory T cells and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells in a mimic model of human multiple sclerosis in Cynomolgus monkeys. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009;9:599–608.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Koutrolos M, Berer K, Kawakami N, Wekerle H, Krishnamoorthy G. Treg cells mediate recovery from EAE by controlling effector T cell proliferation and motility in the CNS. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2014;2:163.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Oh U, Blevins G, Griffith C, Richert N, Maric D, Lee CR, McFarland H, Jacobson S. Regulatory T cells are reduced during anti-CD25 antibody treatment of multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol. 2009;66:471–9.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kohm AP, Carpentier PA, Anger HA, Miller SD. Cutting edge: CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells suppress antigen-specific autoreactive immune responses and central nervous system inflammation during active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol. 2002;169:4712–6.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Danikowski KM, Jayaraman S, Prabhakar BS. Regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis. J Neuroinflammation. 2017;14:117.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Frisullo G, Nociti V, Iorio R, Patanella AK, Caggiula M, Marti A, Sancricca C, Angelucci F, Mirabella M, Tonali PA, Batocchi AP. Regulatory T cells fail to suppress CD4T+-bet + T cells in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients. Immunology. 2009;127:418–28.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Haas J, Hug A, Viehöver A, Fritzsching B, Falk CS, Filser A, Vetter T, Milkova L, Korporal M, Fritz B, et al. Reduced suppressive effect of CD4 + CD25high regulatory T cells on the T cell immune response against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Immunol. 2005;35:3343–52.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Venken K, Hellings N, Broekmans T, Hensen K, Rummens JL, Stinissen P. Natural naive CD4 + CD25 + CD127low regulatory T cell (Treg) development and function are disturbed in multiple sclerosis patients: recovery of memory Treg homeostasis during disease progression. J Immunol. 2008;180:6411–20.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Valente G, Ozmen L, Novelli F, Geuna M, Palestro G, Forni G, Garotta G. Distribution of interferon-gamma receptor in human tissues. Eur J Immunol. 1992;22:2403–12.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hu X, Ivashkiv LB. Cross-regulation of signaling pathways by interferon-gamma: implications for immune responses and autoimmune diseases. Immunity. 2009;31:539–50.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bhat MY, Solanki HS, Advani J, Khan AA, Keshava Prasad TS, Gowda H, Thiyagarajan S, Chatterjee A. Comprehensive network map of interferon gamma signaling. J Cell Commun Signal. 2018;12:745–51.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Schroder K, Hertzog PJ, Ravasi T, Hume DA. Interferon-gamma: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions. J Leukoc Biol. 2004;75:163–89.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Skurkovich S, Boiko A, Beliaeva I, Buglak A, Alekseeva T, Smirnova N, Kulakova O, Tchechonin V, Gurova O, Deomina T, et al. Randomized study of antibodies to IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2001;7:277–84.
Panitch HS, Hirsch RL, Haley AS, Johnson KP. Exacerbations of multiple sclerosis in patients treated with gamma interferon. Lancet. 1987;1:893–5.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Panitch HS, Hirsch RL, Schindler J, Johnson KP. Treatment of multiple sclerosis with gamma interferon: exacerbations associated with activation of the immune system. Neurology. 1987;37:1097–102.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Arellano G, Ottum PA, Reyes LI, Burgos PI, Naves R. Stage-specific role of Interferon-Gamma in Experimental Autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol. 2015;6:492.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ottum PA, Arellano G, Reyes LI, Iruretagoyena M, Naves R. Opposing roles of Interferon-Gamma on cells of the Central Nervous System in Autoimmune Neuroinflammation. Front Immunol 2015, 6.
留言 (0)