M.R.D. and his institution sponsor two externally funded research investigator-initiated projects. Global Blood Therapeutics (GBT) will provide funding for the cost of the clinical studies. GBT was not a co-sponsor of either study. M.R.D. did not receive any compensation for the conduct of these two investigator-initiated observational studies. M.R.D. is a member of the Global Blood Therapeutics advisory board for a proposed randomized controlled trial for which he receives compensation. M.R.D. is on the steering committee for a Novartis-sponsored phase II trial to prevent priapism in men. M.R.D. was a medical advisor in developing the CTX001 Early Economic Model. M.R.D. provided medical input on the economic model as part of an expert reference group for the Vertex/CRISPR CTX001 Early Economic Model in 2020. M.R.D. consulted for the Forma Pharmaceutical company about sickle cell disease in 2021 and 2022. E.B. volunteers on the Board of Directors of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC) and on the Advisory Board of Human Rights for Kids. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.