Effect of load reductions on performance of a strength training session with different exercise orders

Volume is a key variable in strength training (ST) that has a dose-response relationship with strength gains and muscular hypertrophy [1]. Strength training variables can directly influence TV such as the load, exercise order, and the rest interval between sets. Acute ST performance with different exercise orders showed an impairment in TV for those exercises performed at the end of a session [2]. When ST sets are performed to muscular failure over successive sets with an absolute load, a reduction in repetition performance is expected due to muscle fatigue, which would compromise TV [3]. One method to sustain repetitions and limit the volume impairment is to acutely reduce the load over successive sets. Willardson et al. [4] investigated 10% load reductions for trained women in performing three repetition maximum sets. The authors observed that this percentage reduction was sufficient to maintain the repetitions per set with a one-minute rest interval between sets. However, the previous study investigated only multi-joint exercises, which may not reflect the practical application of ST that often involves single-joint exercises as well. In this sense, the influence of exercise order has not been investigated with regard to acute load reductions in the session TV. Schoenfeld et al. [5] showed in a previous study that sessions with greater TV, as observed in those with longer rest interval between sets will lead to superior muscle adaptations such as hypertrophy, strength, and endurance. Thus, it is important to understand the interaction between exercise order and acute load reductions in the ability to maintain repetition performance over successive sets, in order to improve the session TV. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of acute load reductions over successive sets for a ST session performed in opposite orders.

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