Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F (2021) Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 71(3):209–249

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Denk D, Greten FR (2022) Inflammation: the incubator of the tumor microenvironment. Trends Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2022.07.002

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bissell MJ, Hines WC (2011) Why don’t we get more cancer? A proposed role of the microenvironment in restraining cancer progression. Nat Med 17(3):320–329

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yang F, Huang X, Yi T, Yen Y, Moore D, Huang W (2007) Spontaneous development of liver tumors in the absence of the bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor. Can Res 67(3):863–867

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Watanabe A, Sohail MA, Gomes DA, Hashmi A, Nagata J, Sutterwala FS, Mahmood S, Jhandier MN, Shi Y, Flavell RA, Mehal WZ (2009) Inflammasome-mediated regulation of hepatic stellate cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296(6):G1248-1257

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Allen K, Jaeschke H, Copple BL (2011) Bile acids induce inflammatory genes in hepatocytes: a novel mechanism of inflammation during obstructive cholestasis. Am J Pathol 178(1):175–186

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Horvath S, Erhart W, Brosch M, Ammerpohl O, von Schönfels W, Ahrens M, Heits N, Bell JT, Tsai PC, Spector TD, Deloukas P, Siebert R, Sipos B, Becker T, Röcken C, Schafmayer C, Hampe J (2014) Obesity accelerates epigenetic aging of human liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111(43):15538–15543

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Coppé JP, Patil CK, Rodier F, Sun Y, Muñoz DP, Goldstein J, Nelson PS, Desprez PY, Campisi J (2008) Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes reveal cell-nonautonomous functions of oncogenic RAS and the p53 tumor suppressor. PLoS Biol 6(12):2853–2868

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li H (2020) Advances in anti hepatic fibrotic therapy with Traditional Chinese Medicine herbal formula. J Ethnopharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112442

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhou J, Li C, Wang L, Ji H, Zhu T (2015) Hepatoprotective effects of a Chinese herbal formulation, Yingchen decoction, on olaquindox-induced hepatopancreas injury in Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Fish Physiol Biochem 41(1): 153–163

Yao X, Zhao CR, Yin H, Wang K, Gao JJ (2020) Synergistic antitumor activity of sorafenib and artesunate in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 41(12):1609–1620

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pistritto G, Trisciuoglio D, Ceci C, Garufi A, D’Orazi G (2016) Apoptosis as anticancer mechanism: function and dysfunction of its modulators and targeted therapeutic strategies. Aging (Albany NY) 8(4):603–619

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cai FF, Wu R, Song YN, Xiong AZ, Chen XL, Yang MD, Yang L, Hu Y, Sun MY, Su SB (2018) Yinchenhao decoction alleviates liver fibrosis by regulating bile acid metabolism and TGF-β/Smad/ERK signalling pathway. Sci Rep. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-33669-4

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen Z, Lin T, Liao X, Li Z, Lin R, Qi X, Chen G, Sun L, Lin L (2021) Network pharmacology based research into the effect and mechanism of Yinchenhao Decoction against Cholangiocarcinoma. Chin Med. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-021-00423-4

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chiang JYL, Ferrell JM (2018) Bile acid metabolism in liver pathobiology. Gene Expr 18(2):71–87

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xie G, Wang X, Huang F, Zhao A, Chen W, Yan J, Zhang Y, Lei S, Ge K, Zheng X, Liu J, Su M, Liu P, Jia W (2016) Dysregulated hepatic bile acids collaboratively promote liver carcinogenesis. Int J Cancer 139(8):1764–1775

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kusaczuk M (2019) Tauroursodeoxycholate-bile acid with chaperoning activity: molecular and cellular effects and therapeutic perspectives. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8121471

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Qi YC, Duan GZ, Mao W, Liu Q, Zhang YL, Li PF (2020) Taurochenodeoxycholic acid mediates cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 18(12):898–906

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhu H, Bai Y, Wang G, Su Y, Tao Y, Wang L, Yang L, Wu H, Huang F, Shi H, Wu X (2022) Hyodeoxycholic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia inflammatory responses through regulating TGR5/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Psychopharmacol 36(7):849–859

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

He J, Liang J, Zhu S, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Sun W (2011) Protective effect of taurohyodeoxycholic acid from Pulvis Fellis Suis on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 670(1):229–235

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Baghdasaryan A, Fuchs CD, Österreicher CH, Lemberger UJ, Halilbasic E, Påhlman I, Graffner H, Krones E, Fickert P, Wahlström A, Ståhlman M, Paumgartner G, Marschall HU, Trauner M (2016) Inhibition of intestinal bile acid absorption improves cholestatic liver and bile duct injury in a mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol 64(3):674–681

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rau M, Stieger B, Monte MJ, Schmitt J, Jahn D, Frey-Wagner I, Raselli T, Marin JJ, Müllhaupt B, Rogler G, Geier A (2016) Alterations in enterohepatic Fgf15 signaling and changes in bile acid composition depend on localization of murine intestinal inflammation. Inflamm Bowel Dis 22(10):2382–2389

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yan T, Yan N, Wang H, Yagai T, Luo Y, Takahashi S, Zhao M, Krausz KW, Wang G, Hao H, Gonzalez FJ (2021) FXR-deoxycholic acid-TNF-α axis modulates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Sc 181(2):273–284

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shihabudeen MS, Roy D, James J, Thirumurugan K (2015) Chenodeoxycholic acid, an endogenous FXR ligand alters adipokines and reverses insulin resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol 414:19–28

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Treeck O, Buechler C, Ortmann O (2019) Chemerin and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153750

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shin WJ, Pachynski RK (2018) Chemerin modulation of tumor growth: potential clinical applications in cancer. Discov Med 26(141):31–37

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lin W, Chen YL, Jiang L, Chen JK (2011) Reduced expression of chemerin is associated with a poor prognosis and a lowed infiltration of both dendritic cells and natural killer cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Lab 57(11–12):879–885

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li JJ, Yin HK, Guan DX, Zhao JS, Feng YX, Deng YZ, Wang X, Li N, Wang XF, Cheng SQ, Bao Y, Xie D (2018) Chemerin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through CMKLR1-PTEN-Akt axis. Br J Cancer 118(10):1337–1348

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar