Chan ES, Dinakar C, Gonzales-Reyes E, et al. Unmet needs of children with peanut allergy: aligning the risks and the evidence. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;124(5):479–86.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Warren CM, Jiang J, Gupta RS. Epidemiology and burden of food allergy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2020;20(2):6.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sicherer SH, Burks AW, Sampson HA. Clinical features of acute allergic reactions to peanut and tree nuts in children. Pediatrics. 1998;102(1):e6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hourihane JO, Kilburn SA, Dean P, Warner JO. Clinical characteristics of peanut allergy. Clin Exp Allergy. 1997;27(6):634–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sicherer SH, Warren CM, Dant C, Gupta RS, Nadeau KC. Food allergy from infancy through adulthood. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(6):1854–64.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

• Tedner SG, Asarnoj A, Thulin H, Westman M, Konradsen JR, Nilsson C. Food allergy and hypersensitivity reactions in children and adults-a review. J Intern Med. 2022;291(3):283–302. This paper highlights the prevalence and etiology of peanut allergy, and describes current strategies in food allergy treatment and management, including oral immunotherapy (OIT). The authors articulate factors that patients and caregivers should consider when deciding whether or not to puruse OIT treatment including time, cost, and motivation.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sicherer SH, Sampson HA. Food allergy: a review and update on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(1):41–58.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

DunnGalvin A, Blumchen K, Timmermans F, et al. APPEAL-1: a multiple-country European survey assessing the psychosocial impact of peanut allergy. Allergy. 2020;75(11):2899–908.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lieberman JA, Gupta RS, Knibb RC, et al. The global burden of illness of peanut allergy: a comprehensive literature review. Allergy. 2021;76(5):1367–84.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Venter C, Sicherer SH, Greenhawt M. Management of peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7(2):345–355.e342.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Poirot E, He F, Gould LH, Hadler JL. Deaths, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits from food-related anaphylaxis, New York City, 2000–2014: implications for fatality prevention. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020;26(6):548–56.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vickery BP, Vereda A, Casale TB, et al. AR101 oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(21):1991–2001.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hourihane JO, Beyer K, Abbas A, et al. Efficacy and safety of oral immunotherapy with AR101 in European children with a peanut allergy (ARTEMIS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(10):728–39.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ciaccio C, Goldsobel AB, Anagnostou A, et al. Participant characteristics and safety outcomes of peanut oral immunotherapy in the RAMSES and ARC011 trials. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022;129(6):758–768.e754.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vickery BP, Vereda A, Nilsson C, et al. Continuous and daily oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy: results from a 2-year open-label follow-on study. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(5):1879–1889.e1813.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fernandez-Rivas M, Vereda A, Vickery BP, et al. Open-label follow-on study evaluating the efficacy, safety, and quality of life with extended daily oral immunotherapy in children with peanut allergy. Allergy. 2022;77(3):991–1003.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Leonard SA, Ogawa Y, Jedrzejewski PT, et al. Manufacturing processes of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp. Front Allergy. 2022;3:1004056.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brown KR, Baker J, Vereda A, et al. Safety of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp in children and teenagers with peanut allergy: pooled summary of phase 3 and extension trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;149(6):2043–2052.e2049.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

•• Portnoy J, Shroba J, Tilles S, et al. Real-world experience of pediatric patients treated with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2023;130(5):649–56. This real-world study (conducted in a sample of patients age 4-17 years of age treated with PALFORZIA), characterizes a sample of patients with peanut allergy taking PALFORZIA in US clinical practice. The authors concludes that PALFORZIA was prescribed in a diverse set of patients and that these patients had high treatment persistence. The authors also describe the importance of shared decision-making between clinicians, the patient, and the patient's family for PALFORZIA treatment decisions, and describe the need for a shared decision-making tool to facilitate this process.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bird JA, Spergel JM, Jones SM, et al. Efficacy and safety of AR101 in oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy: results of ARC001, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;6(2):476–485.e473.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bajzik V, DeBerg HA, Garabatos N, et al. Oral desensitization therapy for peanut allergy induces dynamic changes in peanut-specific immune responses. Allergy. 2022;77(8):2534–48.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

•• Casale TB, Irani AM. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp for the mitigation of allergic reactions to peanuts in children and adolescents. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2023;19(3):253–65. This article provides an overview of the current landscape of peanut allergy management, including treatment with PALFORZIA.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Blaiss MS, Meadows JA, Yu S, et al. Economic burden of peanut allergy in pediatric patients with evidence of reactions to peanuts in the United States. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2021;27(4):516–27.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Anagnostou A, Lawrence C, Tilles SA, et al. Qualitative interviews to understand health care providers’ experiences of prescribing licensed peanut oral immunotherapy. BMC Res Notes. 2022;15(1):273.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Portnoy J, Ciaccio CE, Beausoleil J, et al. Eight tips for the implementation of the first licenced peanut allergy oral immunotherapy into clinical practice. AACI. 2022;18(1):37.

Google Scholar 

Anagnostou A. A practical, stepwise approach to peanut oral immunotherapy in clinical practice: benefits and risks. J Asthma Allergy. 2021;14:277–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

US Food and Drug Administration. PALFORZIA. 2020. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/allergenics/palforzia. Accessed Jan 2023.

Therapeutics Aimmune, Inc. PALFORZIA: full prescribing information. https://www.aimmune.com/sites/default/files/2021-08/pi_palforzia.pdf. Accessed 6 Jun 2023.

Blaiss MS, Steven GC, Bender B, Bukstein DA, Meltzer EO, Winders T. Shared decision making for the allergist. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;122(5):463–70.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alston C, Berger ZD, Brownlee S, et al. Shared decision-making strategies for best care: patient decision aids. 2014. https://nam.edu/perspectives-2014-shared-decision-making-strategies-for-best-care-patient-decision-aids/. Accessed 13 Dec 2021.

Keirns CC, Goold SD. Patient-centered care and preference-sensitive decision making. JAMA. 2009;302(16):1805–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Greenhawt M, Shaker M, Winders T, et al. Development and acceptability of a shared decision-making tool for commercial peanut allergy therapies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):90–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Should my child try peanut allergy treatment? 2020. https://college.acaai.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ACAAI-Peanut-Allergy-Treatment-SDM-paper-tool-with-copyright.pdf. Accessed 6 Jun 2023.

Willis GB. Cognitive interviewing: a tool for improving questionnaire design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2005.

Book  Google Scholar 

Ericsson KA, Simon HA. Protocol analysis: verbal reports as data. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press; 1993.

Book  Google Scholar 

Friese S. ATLAS.ti 9 windows - user manual. Berlin: ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH; 2021.

Google Scholar 

Miles MB, Huberman AM. Qualitative data analysis. London: Sage Publications; 1994.

Google Scholar 

Lewins A, Silver C. Using software in qualitative research: a step-by-step guide. London: Sage Publications; 2007.

Book  Google Scholar 

Anagnostou A, Hourihane JO, Greenhawt M. The role of shared decision making in pediatric food allergy management. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(1):46–51.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar