WHO gratefully acknowledges the contribution of the following experts:

Technical Advisory Group: Elizabeth Molyneaux, Khalid Yunis, Hadiza Galadanci, Jeeva Sankar, Andrew Shennan

Data Safety and Monitoring Board: Betty Kirkwood, Jon Deeks, Justus Hofmeyr, Siddarth Ramji and Elizabeth Bukusi

The WHO ACTION Trials Collaborators (listed alphabetically by family name):

Temitope Adesiji Adegboyega

Alimosho General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

t_adegboyega@yahoo.com

Ebunoluwa Aderonke Adejuyigbe

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

ebunadejuyigbe@hotmail.com

Olubukola Adeponle Adesina

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

bukiadewole@gmail.com

Babalola Adeyemi

Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, & Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

babloola2012@gmail.com

Salahuddin Ahmed

Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh

sahmed@prfbd.org

Francis Akinkunmi

University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria

Frankrose2@yahoo.com

Jalemba Aluvaala

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya

Jaluvaala@uonbi.ac.ke

Henry Anyabolu

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

henrypaediatrics@yahoo.com

Shabina Ariff

Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Shabina.ariff@aku.edu

Sugandha Arya

Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India

sugandha_arya@hotmail.com

Ibraheem Awowole

Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, & Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

drawo2001@yahoo.com

Adejumoke Idowu Ayede

Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

idayede@yahoo.co.uk

Neelofur Babar

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aga khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Neelofur.babar@aku.edu

Sumitra Bachani

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India

sumitrabachani@gmail.com

Rajiv Bahl

Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health, and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

rajivbahl04@gmail.com

Abdullah H. Baqui

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

abaqui@jhu.edu

Harish Chellani

Maternal and Child Health (MCH), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India

chellaniharish@gmail.com

Saleha Begum Chowdhury

Obstetrical and Gynecological Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Saleha1953@gmail.com

Lynn M Coppola

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

lynnmcoppola@gmail.com

Simon Cousens

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK

Simon.Cousens@lshtm.ac.uk

Pradeep K Debata

Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India

drpkdebata@gmail.com

Ayesha de Costa1

Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health, and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

deay@who.int

Sangappa M Dhaded

Department of Pediatrics, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

drdhadedsm@gmail.com

Kasturi V Donimath

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi, Karnataka, India

dkasturiv@rediffmail.com

Adegoke Gbadegesin Falade

Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

Afalade33@hotmail.com

Shivaprasad S Goudar

Women’s and Children’s Health Research Unit, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, J N Medical College, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

sgoudar@jnmc.edu

Shuchita Gupta

Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health, and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

guptashu@who.int

George N. Gwako

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nairobi, Kenya

gngwako@gmail.com

Theresa Azonima Irinyenikan

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital Complex, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria

tirinyenikan2017@gmail.com

Dennis Anthony Isah

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria

denisanthonyisah@yahoo.com

Nigar Jabeen

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aga khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Nigar.jabeen@aku.edu

Arshia Javed

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aga khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Arshia.javed@aku.edu

Naima T Joseph

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

naima.joseph@bmc.org

Rasheda Khanam

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

rkhanam1@jhu.edu

John Kinuthia

Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya

kinuthia@uw.edu

Oluwafemi Kuti

Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, & Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Okuti_victory@yahoo.com

Tina Lavin

UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

lavint@who.int

Ahmed R Laving

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya

arlaving@yahoo.com

Sandhya Maranna

University of South Australia

sandy.maranna@unisa.edu.au

Nicole Minckas

Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health, and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

minckasn@who.int

Pratima Mittal

Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, India

drpratima@hotmail.com

Diwakar Mohan

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

dmohan3@jhu.edu

Sidrah Nausheen

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aga khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Sidrah.nausheen@aku.edu

My Huong Nguyen

UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

nguyenh@who.int

Olufemi T Oladapo2

UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

oladapoo@who.int

Olanike Abosede Olutekunbi

Island Maternity Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

nolutekunbi@gmail.com

Rosena Olubanke Oluwafemi

Mother and Child Hospital, Akure, Nigeria

bankyfem@yahoo.com

Alfred Osoti

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nairobi, Kenya

alfredos@uw.edu

Yeshita V Pujar

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

yvpujar@hotmail.com

Zahida P. Qureshi

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nairobi, Kenya

qureshi@uonbi.ac.ke

Suman PN Rao

Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health, and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

srao@who.int

Sophie Sarrassat

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK

sophie.sarrassat@lshtm.ac.uk

M. A. Shahed

Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh

mshahed@prfbd.org

Mohammod Shahidullah

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

shahidullahdr@gmail.com

Lumaan Sheikh

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aga khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

lumaan.sheikh@aku.edu

Manjunath S Somannavar

Department of Biochemistry, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

manjunathsomannavar@gmail.com

Sajid Soofi

Department of Pediatrics &Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Sajid.soofi@aku.edu

Jyotsna Suri

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India

jyotsnasuri@gmail.com

Sunil S Vernekar

Department of Physiology, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

drsunilsvernekar@gmail.com

Joshua P Vogel

Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia

joshua.vogel@burnet.edu.au

Nitya Wadhwa

Maternal and Child Health (MCH), Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India

nitya.wadhwa@thsti.res.in

Prakash K Wari

Department of Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi, Karnataka, India

Pkwari@rediffmail.com

Fred Were

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya

frednwere@gmail.com

Blair J Wylie

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center

ebj2107@cumc.columbia.edu