Ahn HS, Lee HJ, Yoo MW, et al. Changes in clinicopathological features and survival after gastrectomy for gastric cancer over a 20-year period. Br J Surg. 2011;98(2):255–60.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Asaka M, Kobayashi M, Kudo T, et al. Gastric cancer deaths by age group in Japan: outlook on preventive measures for elderly adults. Cancer Sci. 2020;111(10):3845–53.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tokunaga M, Hiki N, Fukunaga T, Ohyama S, Yamaguchi T, Nakajima T. Better 5-year survival rate following curative gastrectomy in overweight patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(12):3245–51.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nashimoto A, Akazawa K, Isobe Y, et al. Gastric cancer treated in 2002 in Japan: 2009 annual report of the JGCA nationwide registry. Gastric Cancer. 2013;16(1):1–27.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Takiguchi N, Takahashi M, Ikeda M, et al. Long-term quality-of-life comparison of total gastrectomy and proximal gastrectomy by postgastrectomy syndrome assessment scale (PGSAS-45): a nationwide multi-institutional study. Gastric Cancer. 2015;18(2):407–16.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park JY, Park KB, Kwon OK, Yu W. Comparison of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction and laparoscopic total gastrectomy in terms of nutritional status or quality of life in early gastric cancer patients. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018;44(12):1963–70.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ushimaru Y, Fujiwara Y, Shishido Y, et al. Clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients who underwent proximal or total gastrectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis. World J Surg. 2018;42(5):1477–84.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Toyomasu Y, Ogata K, Suzuki M, et al. Restoration of gastrointestinal motility ameliorates nutritional deficiencies and body weight loss of patients who undergo laparoscopy-assisted proximal gastrectomy. Surg Endosc. 2017;31(3):1393–401.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hayami M, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Clinical outcomes and evaluation of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-flap technique for early gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24(6):1635–42.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Japanese Gastric Cancer A. Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines 2021 (6th edition). Gastric Cancer. 2023;26(1):1–25.

Ji X, Jin C, Ji K, et al. Double tract reconstruction reduces reflux esophagitis and improves quality of life after radical proximal gastrectomy for patients with upper gastric or esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53(3):784–94.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakamura M, Yamaue H. Reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach: a review of the literature published from 2000 to 2014. Surg Today. 2016;46(5):517–27.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ichikawa D, Ueshima Y, Shirono K, et al. Esophagogastrostomy reconstruction after limited proximal gastrectomy. Hepatogastroenterology. 2001;48(42):1797–801.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kuroda S, Nishizaki M, Kikuchi S, et al. Double-flap technique as an antireflux procedure in esophagogastrostomy after proximal gastrectomy. J Am Coll Surg. 2016;223(2):e7–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ahn SH, Jung DH, Son SY, Lee CM, Park DJ, Kim HH. Laparoscopic double-tract proximal gastrectomy for proximal early gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer. 2014;17(3):562–70.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nomura E, Lee SW, Kawai M, et al. Functional outcomes by reconstruction technique following laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: double tract versus jejunal interposition. World J Surg Oncol. 2014;12:20.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Haruta S, Shinohara H, Hosogi H, et al. Proximal gastrectomy with exclusion of no. 3b lesser curvature lymph node dissection could be indicated for patients with advanced upper-third gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer. 2017;20(3):528–35.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Miyauchi W, Matsunaga T, Shishido Y, et al. Comparisons of postoperative complications and nutritional status after proximal laparoscopic gastrectomy with esophagogastrostomy and double-tract reconstruction. Yonago Acta Med. 2020;63(4):335–42.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Eom BW, Park JY, Park KB, et al. Comparison of nutrition and quality of life of esophagogastrostomy and the double-tract reconstruction after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(15): e25453.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yamashita Y, Yamamoto A, Tamamori Y, Yoshii M, Nishiguchi Y. Side overlap esophagogastrostomy to prevent reflux after proximal gastrectomy. Gastric Cancer. 2017;20(4):728–35.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kubo N, Sakurai K, Tamamori Y, et al. Jejunal mesentery preservation reduces leakage at esophagojejunostomy after minimally invasive total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a propensity score-matched cohort study. J Gastrointest Surg. 2022;26(12):2460–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Slankamenac K, Graf R, Barkun J, Puhan MA, Clavien PA. The comprehensive complication index: a novel continuous scale to measure surgical morbidity. Ann Surg. 2013;258(1):1–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Armstrong D. Endoscopic evaluation of gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Yale J Biol Med. 1999;72(2–3):93–100.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Okugawa Y, Toiyama Y, Yamamoto A, et al. Clinical impact of muscle quantity and quality in colorectal cancer patients: a propensity score matching analysis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2018;42(8):1322–33.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kitajima Y, Eguchi Y, Ishibashi E, et al. Age-related fat deposition in multifidus muscle could be a marker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol. 2010;45(2):218–24.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kitajima Y, Hyogo H, Sumida Y, et al. Severity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with substitution of adipose tissue in skeletal muscle. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28(9):1507–14.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kanda Y. Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software ‘EZR’ for medical statistics. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013;48(3):452–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ronkainen J, Aro P, Storskrubb T, et al. Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms and health-related quality of life in the adult general population–the Kalixanda study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;23(12):1725–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakamura M, Nakamori M, Ojima T, et al. Reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach: an analysis of our 13-year experience. Surgery. 2014;156(1):57–63.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cho M, Son T, Kim HI, et al. Similar hematologic and nutritional outcomes after proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction in comparison to total gastrectomy for early upper gastric cancer. Surg Endosc. 2019;33(6):1757–68.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aoyama T, Sato T, Segami K, et al. Risk factors for the loss of lean body mass after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016;23(6):1963–70.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kugimiya N, Harada E, Oka K, et al. Loss of skeletal muscle mass after curative gastrectomy is a poor prognostic factor. Oncol Lett. 2018;16(1):1341–7.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nunobe S, Ida S. Current status of proximal gastrectomy for gastric and esophagogastric junctional cancer: a review. Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 2020;4(5):498–504.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kauppila JH, Ringborg C, Johar A, Lagergren J, Lagergren P. Health-related quality of life after gastrectomy, esophagectomy, and combined esophagogastrectomy for gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21(3):533–41.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Blazeby JM, Conroy T, Bottomley A, et al. Clinical and psychometric validation of a questionnaire module, the EORTC QLQ-STO 22, to assess quality of life in patients with gastric cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2004;40(15):2260–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakada K, Ikeda M, Takahashi M, et al. Characteristics and clinical relevance of postgastrectomy syndrome assessment scale (PGSAS)-45: newly developed integrated questionnaires for assessment of living status and quality of life in postgastrectomy patients. Gastric Cancer. 2015;18(1):147–58.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar