Decoding the Intricacies of Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [Internet]. [cited 2023 Oct 12]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)

Istvan ES, Deisenhofer J. Structural mechanism for statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. Science. 2001;292(5519):1160–4.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Blais JE, Wei Y, Yap KKW, Alwafi H, Ma TT, Brauer R, et al. Trends in lipid-modifying agent use in 83 countries. Atherosclerosis. 2021;328:44–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guadamuz JS, Shooshtari A, Qato DM. Global, regional and national trends in statin utilisation in high-income and low/middle-income countries, 2015–2020. BMJ Open. 2022;12(9):e061350.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rosenson RS, Baker SK, Jacobson TA, Kopecky SL, Parker BA, The National Lipid Association’s Muscle Safety Expert Panel null. An assessment by the Statin Muscle Safety Task Force: 2014 update. J Clin Lipidol. 2014;8(3 Suppl):S58-71.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mohassel P, Mammen AL. The spectrum of statin myopathy. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2013;25(6):747–52.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Turner RM, Pirmohamed M. Statin-related myotoxicity: a comprehensive review of pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenomic and muscle components. J Clin Med. 2019;9(1):22.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Norata GD, Tibolla G, Catapano AL. Statins and skeletal muscles toxicity: from clinical trials to everyday practice. Pharmacol Res. 2014;88:107–13.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li JJ, Liu HH, Wu NQ, Yeo KK, Tan K, Ako J, et al. Statin intolerance: an updated, narrative review mainly focusing on muscle adverse effects. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2020;16(9):837–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kasaoka S, Todani M, Kaneko T, Kawamura Y, Oda Y, Tsuruta R, et al. Peak value of blood myoglobin predicts acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis. J Crit Care. 2010;25(4):601–4.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Christopher-Stine L, Casciola-Rosen LA, Hong G, Chung T, Corse AM, Mammen AL. A novel autoantibody recognizing 200 and 100 kDa proteins is associated with an immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(9):2757–66 This study defined the first description of the anti-HMGCR autoantibody.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mammen AL, Chung T, Christopher-Stine L, Rosen P, Rosen A, Doering KR, et al. Autoantibodies against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in patients with statin-associated autoimmune myopathy. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(3):713–21.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guyton JR, Bays HE, Grundy SM, Jacobson TA, The National Lipid Association Statin Intolerance Panel null. An assessment by the Statin Intolerance Panel: 2014 update. J Clin Lipidol. 2014;8(3 Suppl):S72-81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wei MY, Ito MK, Cohen JD, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA. Predictors of statin adherence, switching, and discontinuation in the USAGE survey: understanding the use of statins in America and gaps in patient education. J Clin Lipidol. 2013;7(5):472–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Banach M, Rizzo M, Toth PP, Farnier M, Davidson MH, Al-Rasadi K, et al. Statin intolerance - an attempt at a unified definition. Position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Arch Med Sci. 2015;11(1):1–23.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mancini GBJ, Baker S, Bergeron J, Fitchett D, Frohlich J, Genest J, et al. Diagnosis, prevention, and management of statin adverse effects and intolerance: Canadian Consensus Working Group Update (2016). Can J Cardiol. 2016;32(7 Suppl):S35-65.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sposito AC, Faria Neto JR, de Carvalho LSF, Lorenzatti A, Cafferata A, Elikir G, et al. Statin-associated muscle symptoms: position paper from the Luso-Latin American Consortium. Curr Med Res Opin. 2017;33(2):239–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Roberts CGP, Guallar E, Rodriguez A. Efficacy and safety of statin monotherapy in older adults: a meta-analysis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007;62(8):879–87.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Karalis DG, Wild RA, Maki KC, Gaskins R, Jacobson TA, Sponseller CA, et al. Gender differences in side effects and attitudes regarding statin use in the Understanding Statin Use in America and Gaps in Patient Education (USAGE) study. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(4):833–41.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brinton EA, Maki KC, Jacobson TA, Sponseller CA, Cohen JD. Metabolic syndrome is associated with muscle symptoms among statin users. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(4):1022–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Michalska-Kasiczak M, Sahebkar A, Mikhailidis DP, Rysz J, Muntner P, Toth PP, et al. Analysis of vitamin D levels in patients with and without statin-associated myalgia - a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 studies with 2420 patients. Int J Cardiol. 2015;15(178):111–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Robison CD, Bair TL, Horne BD, McCubrey RO, Lappe DL, Muhlestein JB, et al. Hypothyroidism as a risk factor for statin intolerance. J Clin Lipidol. 2014;8(4):401–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Joy TR, Hegele RA. Narrative review: statin-related myopathy. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(12):858–68.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Muruganandam M, Iqbal A, Akpan EB, Dolomisiewicz AC, Waters YM, Emil NS, et al. Statin-associated immune-mediated necrotizing myositis in Native Americans. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(12):4855–62 This study is one of several publications highlighting the increased risk of autoimmune statin myopathy in Native American patients.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Close RM, Close LM, Galdun P, Gerstberger S, Rydberg M, Christopher-Stine L. Potential implications of six American Indian patients with myopathy, statin exposure and anti-HMGCR antibodies. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021;60(2):692–8 This study is the first report in the medical literature about the potential increased risk of anti-HMGCR myopathy in Native Americans with elevated lipids.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schwier NC, Cornelio CK, Boylan PM. A systematic review of the drug-drug interaction between statins and colchicine: patient characteristics, etiologies, and clinical management strategies. Pharmacotherapy. 2022;42(4):320–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stulc T, Ceška R, Gotto AM. Statin intolerance: the clinician’s perspective. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2015;17(12):69.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nidhaan A, Hastings A, Gonzalez D, Joshi R, Gilbert N, O’connor C. Frequency of checking creatine kinase in patients on statins with elevated transaminase for early detection of statin induced myopathy [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022;74 (suppl 9). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/frequency-of-checking-creatine-kinase-in-patients-on-statins-with-elevated-transaminase-for-early-detection-of-statin-induced-myopathy/. Accessed Nov 8, 2023

Rosenson RS, Miller K, Bayliss M, Sanchez RJ, Baccara-Dinet MT, Chibedi-De-Roche D, et al. The Statin-Associated Muscle Symptom Clinical Index (SAMS-CI): revision for clinical use, content validation, and inter-rater reliability. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2017;31(2):179–86.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vinci P, Panizon E, Tosoni LM, Cerrato C, Pellicori F, Mearelli F, et al. Statin-associated myopathy: emphasis on mechanisms and targeted therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(21):11687.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Selva-O’Callaghan A, Alvarado-Cardenas M, Pinal-Fernández I, Trallero-Araguás E, Milisenda JC, Martínez MÁ, et al. Statin-induced myalgia and myositis: an update on pathogenesis and clinical recommendations. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2018;14(3):215–24.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yogev Y, Shorer Z, Koifman A, Wormser O, Drabkin M, Halperin D, et al. Limb girdle muscular disease caused by HMGCR mutation and statin myopathy treatable with mevalonolactone. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2023;120(7):e2217831120 This study shows that mevalonolactone can protect mice from myotoxicity induced by high-dose statin. This could be applicable in some anti-HMGCR autoantibody positive patients.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mollazadeh H, Tavana E, Fanni G, Bo S, Banach M, Pirro M, et al. Effects of statins on mitochondrial pathways. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021;12(2):237–51.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu M, Fan F, Zhang Y, Li J. The association of GATM polymorphism with statin-induced myopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2021;77(3):349–57.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Davies JT, Delfino SF, Feinberg CE, Johnson MF, Nappi VL, Olinger JT, et al. Current and emerging uses of statins in clinical therapeutics: a review. Lipid Insights. 2016;14(9):13–29.

Google Scholar 

Xiang Q, Chen SQ, Ma LY, Hu K, Zhang Z, Mu GY, et al. Association between SLCO1B1 T521C polymorphism and risk of statin-induced myopathy: a meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics J. 2018;18(6):721–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Balasubramanian R, Maideen NMP. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and their drug interactions involving CYP enzymes, P-glycoprotein and OATP transporters-an overview. Curr Drug Metab. 2021;22(5):328–41.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shahrure ZM, Irshaid YM, Mustafa KN, Abujbara MA, Al Shhab M, El-Khateeb MS, et al. SLCO1B1 gene polymorphisms (rs2306283 and rs4149056) and statin-induced myopathy in Jordanian diabetics. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol. 2021;16(3):281–8.

Article  CAS 

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif