Nanegrungsunk O, Au A, Sarraf D, Sadda SR. New frontiers of retinal therapeutic intervention: a critical analysis of novel approaches. Ann Med. 2022;54(1):1067–80.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xu H, Chen M. Immune response in retinal degenerative diseases—time to rethink? Prog Neurobiol. 2022;219: 102350.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Murenu E, Gerhardt MJ, Biel M, Michalakis S. More than meets the eye: the role of microglia in healthy and diseased retina. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1006897.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guo L, Choi S, Bikkannavar P, Cordeiro MF. Microglia: Key Players in Retinal Ageing and Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci. 2022;16: 804782.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

O’Leary F, Campbell M. The blood-retina barrier in health and disease. FEBS J. 2023;290(4):878–91.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yin J, Valin KL, Dixon ML, Leavenworth JW. The role of microglia and macrophages in CNS homeostasis, autoimmunity, and cancer. J Immunol Res. 2017;2017:5150678.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Boyce M, Xin Y, Chowdhury O, Shang P, Liu H, Koontz V, et al. Microglia-neutrophil interactions drive dry AMD-like pathology in a mouse model. Cells. 2022;11(22):3535.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schetters STT, Gomez-Nicola D, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Van Kooyk Y. Neuroinflammation: microglia and T cells get ready to tango. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1905.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim SY. Retinal phagocytes in age-related macular degeneration. Macrophage (Houst). 2015;2(1): e698.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Agrawal I, Sharma N, Saxena S, Arvind S, Chakraborty D, Chakraborty DB, et al. Dopamine induces functional extracellular traps in microglia. iScience. 2021;24(1): 101968.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Doster RS, Rogers LM, Gaddy JA, Aronoff DM. Macrophage extracellular traps: a scoping review. J Innate Immun. 2018;10(1):3–13.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jensen M, Thorsen NW, Hallberg LAE, Hagglund P, Hawkins CL. New insight into the composition of extracellular traps released by macrophages exposed to different types of inducers. Free Radic Biol Med. 2023;202:97–109.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zeng J, Wu M, Zhou Y, Zhu M, Liu X. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in ocular diseases: an update. Biomolecules. 2022;12(10):1440.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Estua-Acosta GA, Zamora-Ortiz R, Buentello-Volante B, Garcia-Mejia M, Garfias Y. Neutrophil extracellular traps: current perspectives in the eye. Cells. 2019;8(9):979.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang L, Zhou X, Yin Y, Mai Y, Wang D, Zhang X. Hyperglycemia induces neutrophil extracellular traps formation through an NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway in diabetic retinopathy. Front Immunol. 2018;9:3076.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Faust N, Varas F, Kelly LM, Heck S, Graf T. Insertion of enhanced green fluorescent protein into the lysozyme gene creates mice with green fluorescent granulocytes and macrophages. Blood. 2000;96(2):719–26.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Utz SG, See P, Mildenberger W, Thion MS, Silvin A, Lutz M, et al. Early fate defines microglia and non-parenchymal brain macrophage development. Cell. 2020;181(3):557-73 e18.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Garre JM, Silva HM, Lafaille JJ, Yang G. CX3CR1(+) monocytes modulate learning and learning-dependent dendritic spine remodeling via TNF-alpha. Nat Med. 2017;23(6):714–22.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jobling AI, Waugh M, Vessey KA, Phipps JA, Trogrlic L, Greferath U, et al. The role of the microglial Cx3cr1 pathway in the postnatal maturation of retinal photoreceptors. J Neurosci. 2018;38(20):4708–23.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bakos E, Thaiss CA, Kramer MP, Cohen S, Radomir L, Orr I, et al. CCR2 regulates the immune response by modulating the interconversion and function of effector and regulatory T cells. J Immunol. 2017;198(12):4659–71.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhan Y, Wang N, Vasanthakumar A, Zhang Y, Chopin M, Nutt SL, et al. CCR2 enhances CD25 expression by FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells and regulates their abundance independently of chemotaxis and CCR2(+) myeloid cells. Cell Mol Immunol. 2020;17(2):123–32.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xu P, Zhang J, Wang H, Wang G, Wang CY, Zhang J. CCR2 dependent neutrophil activation and mobilization rely on TLR4-p38 axis during liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Transl Res. 2017;9(6):2878–90.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saederup N, Cardona AE, Croft K, Mizutani M, Cotleur AC, Tsou CL, et al. Selective chemokine receptor usage by central nervous system myeloid cells in CCR2-red fluorescent protein knock-in mice. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(10): e13693.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li Q, Lan X, Han X, Wang J. Expression of Tmem119/Sall1 and Ccr2/CD69 in FACS-sorted microglia- and monocyte/macrophage-enriched cell populations after intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Cell Neurosci. 2018;12:520.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osborne BF, Turano A, Schwarz JM. Sex differences in the neuroimmune system. Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2018;23:118–23.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kokona D, Jovanovic J, Ebneter A, Zinkernagel MS. In vivo imaging of Cx3cr1gfp/gfp reporter mice with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. J Vis Exp. 2017;129: e55984.

Google Scholar 

Jung S, Aliberti J, Graemmel P, Sunshine MJ, Kreutzberg GW, Sher A, et al. Analysis of fractalkine receptor CX(3)CR1 function by targeted deletion and green fluorescent protein reporter gene insertion. Mol Cell Biol. 2000;20(11):4106–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Alt C, Runnels JM, Mortensen LJ, Zaher W, Lin CP. In vivo imaging of microglia turnover in the mouse retina after ionizing radiation and dexamethasone treatment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55(8):5314–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Clemens A, Charles PL, editors. In vivo quantification of microglia dynamics with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope in a mouse model of focal laser injury. ProcSPIE; 2012.

Veilleux I, Spencer JA, Biss DP, Cote D, Lin CP. In vivo cell tracking with video rate multimodality laser scanning microscopy. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron. 2008;14(1):10–8.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Feodorova Y, Koch M, Bultman S, Michalakis S, Solovei I. Quick and reliable method for retina dissociation and separation of rod photoreceptor perikarya from adult mice. MethodsX. 2015;2:39–46.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Picelli S, Faridani OR, Bjorklund AK, Winberg G, Sagasser S, Sandberg R. Full-length RNA-seq from single cells using Smart-seq2. Nat Protoc. 2014;9(1):171–81.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schindelin J, Arganda-Carreras I, Frise E, Kaynig V, Longair M, Pietzsch T, et al. Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat Methods. 2012;9(7):676–82.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Conedera FM, Runnels JM, Stein JV, Alt C, Enzmann V, Lin CP. Assessing the role of T cells in response to retinal injury to uncover new therapeutic targets for the treatment of retinal degeneration. J Neuroinflammation. 2023;20(1):206.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McDowell KP, Berthiaume AA, Tieu T, Hartmann DA, Shih AY. VasoMetrics: unbiased spatiotemporal analysis of microvascular diameter in multi-photon imaging applications. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2021;11(3):969–82.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Slater B, Guo Y, Zhang C, Bernstein SL. Effect of GM-CSF recruitment of extrinsic macrophages into post-infarct optic nerves. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(13):3230.

Google Scholar 

Lee MC, Lacey DC, Fleetwood AJ, Achuthan A, Hamilton JA, Cook AD. GM-CSF- and IRF4-Dependent signaling can regulate myeloid cell numbers and the macrophage phenotype during inflammation. J Immunol. 2019;202(10):3033–40.

Article  CAS  PubMed