Adan A, Alizada G, Kiraz Y, Baran Y, Nalbant A (2017) Flow cytometry: basic principles and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 37(2):163–176

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bai R-Y, Staedtke V, Aprhys CM, Gallia GL, Riggins GJ (2011) Antiparasitic mebendazole shows survival benefit in 2 preclinical models of glioblastoma multiforme. Neuro-Oncol 13(9):974–982

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Biller LH, Schrag D (2021) Diagnosis and treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a review. JAMA 325(7):669–685

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Blom K, Rubin J, Berglund M, Jarvius M, Lenhammar L, Parrow V, Andersson C, Loskog A, Fryknäs M, Nygren P (2019) Mebendazole-induced M1 polarisation of THP-1 macrophages may involve DYRK1B inhibition. BMC Research Notes 12(1):1–7

Article  Google Scholar 

Chhikara BS, Parang K (2023) Global Cancer Statistics 2022: the trends projection analysis. Chem Biol Lett 10(1):451–451

Google Scholar 

da Silva EL , Mesquita FP, Aragão DR, Sousa Portilho de AJ, Marinho AD, Oliveira de LLB, Lima LB, Moraes de MEA, Montenegro RC (2023) Mebendazole targets essential proteins in glucose metabolism leading gastric cancer cells to death. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol: 116630

De Witt M, Gamble A, Hanson D, Markowitz D, Powell C, Al Dimassi S, Atlas M, Boockvar J, Ruggieri R, Symons M (2017) Repurposing mebendazole as a replacement for vincristine for the treatment of brain tumors. Mol Med 23(1):50–56

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Demirgan R, Karagöz A, Pekmez M, Önay-Uçar E, Artun FT, Gürer Ç, Mat A (2016) In vitro anticancer activity and cytotoxicity of some papaver alkaloids on cancer and normal cell lines. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 13(3):22–26

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Freshney RI (2015) Culture of animal cells: a manual of basic technique and specialized applications. John Wiley & Sons

Google Scholar 

Guerini AE, Triggiani L, Maddalo M, Bonù ML, Frassine F, Baiguini A, Alghisi A, Tomasini D, Borghetti P, Pasinetti N (2019) Mebendazole as a candidate for drug repurposing in oncology: an extensive review of current literature. Cancers 11(9):1284

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hegazy SK, El-Azab GA, Zakaria F, Mostafa MF, El-Ghoneimy RA (2022) Mebendazole; from an anti-parasitic drug to a promising candidate for drug repurposing in colorectal cancer. Life Sci 299:120536

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang L, Zhao L, Zhang J, He F, Wang H, Liu Q, Shi D, Ni N, Wagstaff W, Chen C (2021) Antiparasitic mebendazole (MBZ) effectively overcomes cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting multiple cancer-associated signaling pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 13(13):17407

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jayanthi M (2020) Evaluation of anticancer activity of ethanol extract of Leucas aspera flower. Int J Green Pharm (IJGP) 14(03)

Lai SR, Castello S, Robinson A, Koehler J (2017) In vitro anti-tubulin effects of mebendazole and fenbendazole on canine glioma cells. Vet Comp Oncol 15(4):1445–1454

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Larsen AR, Bai R-Y, Chung JH, Borodovsky A, Rudin CM, Riggins GJ, Bunz F (2015) Repurposing the antihelmintic mebendazole as a hedgehog inhibitorrepurposing mebendazole as a hedgehog inhibitor. Mol Cancer Ther 14(1):3–13

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Laudisi F, Marônek M, Di Grazia A, Monteleone G, Stolfi C (2020) Repositioning of anthelmintic drugs for the treatment of cancers of the digestive system. Int J Mol Sci 21(14):4957

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mansoori S, Fryknäs M, Alvfors C, Loskog A, Larsson R, Nygren P (2021) A phase 2a clinical study on the safety and efficacy of individualized dosed mebendazole in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Sci Rep 11(1):8981

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mármol I, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Pradilla Dieste A, Cerrada E, Rodriguez Yoldi MJ (2017) Colorectal carcinoma: a general overview and future perspectives in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci 18(1):197

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Martarelli D, Pompei P, Baldi C, Mazzoni G (2008) Mebendazole inhibits growth of human adrenocortical carcinoma cell lines implanted in nude mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 61(5):809–817

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Meco D, Attinà G, Mastrangelo S, Navarra P, Ruggiero A (2023) Emerging perspectives on the antiparasitic mebendazole as a repurposed drug for the treatment of brain cancers. Int J mol Sci 24(2):1334

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Messaritakis J, Psychou P, Nicolaidou P, Karpathios T, Syriopoulou B, Fretzayas A, Krikos F, Matsaniotis N (1991) High mebendazole doses in pulmonary and hepatic hydatid disease. Arch Dis Child 66(4):532–533

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Michiels M, Hendriks R, Heykants J, Van den Bossche H (1982) The pharmacokinetics of mebendazole and flubendazole in animals and man. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 256(2):180–191

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mukhopadhyay T, Sasaki J-I, Ramesh R, Roth JA (2002) Mebendazole elicits a potent antitumor effect on human cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Clin Can Res 8(9):2963–2969

CAS  Google Scholar 

Nath J, Paul R, Ghosh SK, Paul J, Singha B, Debnath N (2020) Drug repurposing and relabeling for cancer therapy: emerging benzimidazole antihelminthics with potent anticancer effects. Life Sci 258:118189

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ostrom QT, Bauchet L, Davis FG, Deltour I, Fisher JL, Langer CE, Pekmezci M, Schwartzbaum JA, Turner MC, Walsh KM, Wrensch MR, Barnholtz-Sloan JS (2014) The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a “state of the science” review. Neuro Oncol 16(7):896–913

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Petersen JS, Baird SK (2021) Treatment of breast and colon cancer cell lines with anti-helmintic benzimidazoles mebendazole or albendazole results in selective apoptotic cell death. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 147(10):2945–2953

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pinto LC, Mesquita FP, Soares BM, da Silva EL, Puty B, de Oliveira EHC, Burbano RR, Montenegro RC (2019) Mebendazole induces apoptosis via C-MYC inactivation in malignant ascites cell line (AGP01). Toxicol in Vitro 60:305–312

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Reuter S, Jensen B, Buttenschoen K, Kratzer W, Kern P (2000) Benzimidazoles in the treatment of alveolar echinococcosis: a comparative study and review of the literature. J Antimicrob Chemother 46(3):451–456

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Dakshanamurthy S, Gaur A, Chen Y-S, Fang H-B, Abdussamad M, Zhou H, Zapas J, Calvert V, Petricoin EF (2017) The repurposed anthelmintic mebendazole in combination with trametinib suppresses refractory NRASQ61K melanoma. Oncotarget 8(8):12576

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Turabi KS, Deshmukh A, Paul S, Swami D, Siddiqui DS, Kumar U, Naikar S, Devarajan S, Basu S, Paul MK (2022) Drug repurposing—an emerging strategy in cancer therapeutics. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol, 1-20

Vasan N, Baselga J, Hyman DM (2019) A view on drug resistance in cancer. Nature 575(7782):299–309

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Williamson T, Bai R-Y, Staedtke V, Huso D, Riggins GJ (2016) Mebendazole and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory combine to reduce tumor initiation in a colon cancer preclinical model. Oncotarget 7(42):68571

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xie Y-H, Chen Y-X, Fang J-Y (2020) Comprehensive review of targeted therapy for colorectal cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 5(1):1–30

Google Scholar 

Xu JX, Xiong W, Zeng Z, Tang Y, Wang YL, Xiao M, Li M, Li QS, Song GL, Kuang J (2017) Effect of ART1 on the proliferation and migration of mouse colon carcinoma CT26 cells in vivo. Mol Med Rep 15(3):1222–1228

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zbakh H, Zubía E, de los Reyes C, Calderón-Montaño JM, López-Lázaro M, Motilva V (2020) Meroterpenoids from the brown alga Cystoseira usneoides as potential anti-inflammatory and lung anticancer agents. Marine Drugs 18(4):207

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhang F, Li Y, Zhang H, Huang E, Gao L, Luo W, Wei Q, Fan J, Song D, Liao J (2017) Anthelmintic mebendazole enhances cisplatin’s effect on suppressing cell proliferation and promotes differentiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Oncotarget 8(8):12968

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhang L, Dratver MB, Yazal T, Dong K, Nguyen A, Yu G, Dao A, Dratver MB, Duhachek-Muggy S, Bhat K (2019) Mebendazole potentiates radiation therapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Rad Oncol Biol Phys 103(1):195–207

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhang Q-L, Lian D-D, Zhu MJ, Li XM, Lee JK, Yoon T-J, Lee J-H, JiangR-H Kim CD (2019) Antitumor effect of albendazole on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. BioMed Res Int 2019:1–9

Google Scholar