Piskin S, Uzunali E (2007) A review of the use of adapalene for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Ther Clin Risk Manag 3:621–624

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kosmadaki M, Katsambas A (2017) Topical treatments for acne. Clin Dermatol 35:173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.10.010

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Adapalene

Tripathi KD (2008) Essentials of medical pharmacology, 6th edn. Jaypee Brothers: Medical Publisher, New Delhi, p 853

Book  Google Scholar 

United States Pharmacopeia National Formulary (USP 42 NF 37) (2019) vol I. The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, pp 95–97

British Pharmacopoeia (2019) Volume I. Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), London, pp 74–75

Modi PB (2014) Novel stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of clindamycin phosphate and adapalene along with preservatives in topical gel formulations. Sci Pharm 82:799–813. https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.1404-01

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bajaj A, John C, Tripathi RM, Choudhury J (2017) Validated RP-capillary HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous analysis of some paraben preservatives in pharmaceutical and cosmetics/personal care formulations. Asian J Pharm Anal 7:229–234. https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-5675.2017.000370

Article  Google Scholar 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenoxyethanol

British Pharmacopeia (2019) Volume 2. Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), London, pp74–75

Roy C, Panigrahi L, Chakrabarty J (2015) Validated stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for estimation of degradation behaviour of organic peroxide and third generation synthetic retinoids in topical pharmaceutical dosage formulation. Sci Pharm 83:321–338

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mailvelan R, Selvamani P, Rameshkumar T, Raviraj T (2013) HPLC method development and validation for the estimation of adapalene in pharmaceutical formulations. Asian J Pharm Anal Med Chem 1:166–171

CAS  Google Scholar 

Mudasir M, Tabassum N, Ali J, Jan R (2018) Estimation of adapalene through isocratic HPLC method in pharmaceutical gel formulations. Anal Chem Indian J 7:801–806

Google Scholar 

Martins LA, Meneghini LZ, Junqueira CA, Ceni DC, Bergold AM (2011) A simple HPLC-DAD method for determination of adapalene in topical gel formulation. J Chromatogr Sci 49:796–800

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang C, Zhao Y, Han C, Guo X (2008) Simultaneous determination of adapalene, 2-phenoxyethanol, and methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate in adapalene gels using high-performance liquid chromatography. Chin J Chromatogr 26:640–642

CAS  Google Scholar 

Doyle RM, Kline J (2017) LC–MS-MS quantitative analysis of 12 retinoids, derivatives, and metabolites in serum for clinical research use. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. PO-65009-LC-MS-VitA-Serum-ASMS2017-PO65009-EN.pdf

Dobricic V, Pajic N, Markovic B, Vladimirov S, Savic S, Vuleta G (2016) Development and validation of an LC–MS/MS method for the determination of adapalene in pharmaceutical forms for skin application. J Serb Chem Soc 81:1171–1181

Article  Google Scholar 

Adhikari L, Jagadev S, Sahu S, Moitra SK, Murthy PN (2012) Derivative spectrophotometric determination of adapalene in its bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Asian J Chem 24:1094–1096

CAS  Google Scholar 

Thummar K, Tilva K, Dudhatra B, Mardia R, Sheth N (2020) Validated stability-indicating HPTLC method for the estimation of adapalene in drugs and the LC–MS identification of its degradation products. J Planar Chromatogr 33:371–380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00764-020-00042-z

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Jamkhandi C, Disouza J, Dashwant V, Pisal S (2013) Development of a conductometric method of estimation for adapalene gel in dosage forms. Asian J Biochem Pham Res 3:136–139

Google Scholar 

Tolba MM, El-Gamal RM (2016) Determination of adapalene in gel formulation by conventional and derivative synchronous fluorimetric approaches. Application to stability studies and in vitro diffusion test. Chem Cent J 10:33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-016-0181-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Blessy M, Patel RD, Prajapati PN, Agrawal AK (2014) Development of forced degradation and stability indicating studies of drugs—a review. J Pharm Anal 4:159–165

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mullani AK, Nargatti PI (2021) Forced degradation study—a new approach for stress testing of drug substances and drug products. Int J Pharm Sci Res 12:2683–2691. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.12(5).2683-91

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Gupta PC (2015) Method validation of analytical procedures. Pharma Tutor 3:32–39

Google Scholar 

ICH guidelines (Nov 2005) Q2 (R1): validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology. International Conference on Harmonization, Geneva

ICH guidelines (2003) Q1A (R2): stability testing of new drug substances and products (revision 2). International Conference on Harmonization, Geneva