Gas Humidification During Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: A Crossover Randomized Physiologic Study in Healthy Subjects

Lorenzo Ambrosetti, MD, is resident at the School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, General Intensive Care Unit–ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital.

Marco Giani, MD if coordinator of the ECMO program at the General intensive Care Unit–ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital. His main publications concern care and treatment of ECMO patients and invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation.

Emanuele Rezoagli, MD, PhD, assistant professor at the General Intensive Care Unit–ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Italy. His main publications concern care and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients.

Fiorillo Chiara, CCN, is staff nurse at the General Intensive Care Unit at Policlinico di Modena, Italy. She has an extensive experience in international missions for the nonprofit organization “Emergency” in Africa.

Daniela Vitale, CCN, is staff nurse at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico di Milano, Italy.

Damiano Giacchè, CCN, is staff nurse at the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.

Giambattista Ravasio, CCN, is staff nurse at the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.

Roberto Fumagalli, MD, is director and full professor at the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.

Giuseppe Foti, MD, is director and associate professor at Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital–University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.

Alberto Lucchini, RN, is head nurse at the General Intensive Care Unit, ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Italy. He is the coordinator of the master's degree program in intensive and critical care nursing at University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy. His main publications concern the nursing workload in intensive care, nursing care of ECMO patients, invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and endotracheal suctioning.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8048-2721

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-7212

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-1329

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8698-2046

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-277X

Author Contributions: L.A.: original draft writing, methodology. M.G.: original draft writing, data curation, methodology, and review and editing. E.R.: data curation and methodology. C.F., D.V., D.G., G.R.: data curation (performed the experiments). G.F.:, conception, data curation, and methodology. A.L.: conceptualization, conception, data curation, methodology, and review and editing.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Alberto Lucchini, RN, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Rianimazione Generale, Ospedale San Gerardo, ASST Monza, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy ([email protected]).

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