A family of alpha- KETOGLUTARIC ACID and Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases that are homologous to AlkB, an enzyme that repairs alkylated nucleic acids in E. coli. The mammalian homologs have diverse substrate specificities and functions that include DNA REPAIR, generating unique wobble modifications in URIDINE tRNA, demethylation of nucleotides in DNA and RNA, and demethylation of LYSINE residues on certain proteins, including ACTIN and histones (HISTONE CODE).
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