Alternatives to the use of animals in research, testing, and education. The alternatives may include reduction in the number of animals used, replacement of animals with a non-animal model or with animals of a species lower phylogenetically, or refinement of methods to minimize pain and distress of animals used.
推出的年份: 2001
副标题
树号: E05.017.080
MeSH 单一 ID: D023401
进入的组:
Alternative, Animal Use
Alternatives, Animal Use
Animal Use Alternative
Use Alternative, Animal
Use Alternatives, Animal
Animal Testing Reduction, Refinement and Replacement
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