Fatty Liver Disease: Enter the Metabolic Era

Rinella ME, et al. AASLD Practice Guidance on the clinical assessment and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2023;77(5):1797–835.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rinella ME et al. A multi-society Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. Hepatology 2023 [online ahead of print].

Sanyal AJ, et al. Prospective Study of Outcomes in Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(17):1559–69.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Younossi Z, et al. Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;15(1):11–20.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Angulo P, et al. Liver Fibrosis, but No Other Histologic Features, Is Associated With Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(2):389-97 e10.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Michel M, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with significant fibrosis in people with HIV. AIDS. 2022;36(12):1665–74.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Maurice JB, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in HIV-monoinfection. AIDS. 2017;31(11):1621–32.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lombardi R, et al. Prevalence and predictors of liver steatosis and fibrosis in unselected patients with HIV mono-infection. Dig Liver Dis. 2016;48(12):1471–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vuille-Lessard É, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease diagnosed by transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter in unselected HIV monoinfected patients. AIDS. 2016;30(17):2635–43.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Crum-Cianflone N, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among HIV-infected persons. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;50(5):464–73.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chew KW, et al. Liver Inflammation Is Common and Linked to Metabolic Derangements in Persons With Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Clin Infect Dis. 2023;76(3):e571–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Riebensahm C, et al. Factors Associated With Liver Steatosis in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Contemporary Antiretroviral Therapy. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9(11):ofac538.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

• Gawrieh S, et al. Burden of fatty liver and hepatic fibrosis in persons with HIV: A diverse cross-sectional US multicenter study. Hepatology 2023;78(2):578–591. Large multi-center study in the US providing prevalence estimate of MASLD based on transient elastography.

Price J, et al. Multisite prospective Liver Disease and Reproductive Ageing (LIVRA) study in US women living with and without HIV. BMJ Open. 2022;12(4):e055706.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

• Kalligeros M, et al. Prevalence and Characteristics of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Fibrosis in People Living With HIV Monoinfection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023;21(7):1708–1722. Recent systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors for MASLD in PWH.

• Lemoine M, et al. Screening HIV Patients at Risk for NAFLD Using MRI-PDFF and Transient Elastography: A European Multicenter Prospective Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;21(3):713-722.e3. Lays out a potential screening strategy for MASLD in PWH based on risk factors and non-invasive testing.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Younossi ZM, et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology. 2016;64(1):73–84.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ye Q, et al. Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of non-obese or lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5(8):739–52.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cervo A, et al. Prevalence, Predictors, and Severity of Lean Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(10):e694–701.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Price JC, et al. Risk factors for fatty liver in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109(5):695–704.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mohammed SS, et al. HIV-positive patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have a lower body mass index and are more physically active than HIV-negative patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;45(4):432–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Barré T, et al. Elevated Fatty Liver Index as a Risk Factor for All-Cause Mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Hepatitis C Virus-Coinfected Patients (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH Cohort Study). Hepatology. 2020;71(4):1182–97.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Khalili M, et al. Fatty Liver Disease in a Prospective North American Cohort of Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(9):e3275–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rose PC, et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatic Steatosis in Children With Perinatal HIV on Early Antiretroviral Therapy Compared to HIV-Exposed Uninfected and HIV-Unexposed Children. Front Pediatr. 2022;10:893579.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Carrasco I, et al. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using noninvasive techniques among children, adolescents, and youths living with HIV. AIDS. 2022;36(6):805–14.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aepfelbacher JA, et al. Increased Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis in Young Adults With Lifelong HIV. J Infect Dis. 2019;220(2):266–9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vodkin I, et al. Clinical, biochemical and histological differences between HIV-associated NAFLD and primary NAFLD: a case-control study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015;41(4):368–78.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fourman LT, et al. Clinical Predictors of Liver Fibrosis Presence and Progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72(12):2087–94.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pembroke T, et al. Hepatic steatosis progresses faster in HIV mono-infected than HIV/HCV co-infected patients and is associated with liver fibrosis. J Hepatol. 2017;67(4):801–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paik JM, et al. Presumed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Medicare Beneficiaries With HIV, 2006-2016. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(1):ofz509.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Han WM, et al. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis as predictors of new onset Diabetes Mellitus in People living with HIV: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis 2023:ciad433 [online ahead of print].

Krahn T, et al. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Development of Metabolic Comorbid Conditions in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. J Infect Dis. 2020;222(5):787–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schouten J, et al. Cross-sectional comparison of the prevalence of age-associated comorbidities and their risk factors between HIV-infected and uninfected individuals: the AGEhIV cohort study. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(12):1787–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cervo A, et al. Dangerous liaisons: NAFLD and liver fibrosis increase cardiovascular risk in HIV. HIV Med. 2022;23(8):911–21.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Douglas PS, et al. Cardiovascular Risk and Health Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Eligible for Primary Prevention: Insights From the REPRIEVE Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(11):2009–22.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kaplan A, et al. Brief Report: Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease in Persons With HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020;84(4):400–4.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Krishnan A, et al. Risk of Adverse cardiovascular outcomes among persons living with HIV and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a multicenter matched cohort study. Aids 2023 Mar 6 [online ahead of print].

Zizza A, et al. Atherosclerosis is associated with a higher risk of hepatic steatosis in HIV-infected patients. J Prev Med Hyg. 2017;58(3):E219-e224.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Crum-Cianflone N, et al. Fatty liver disease is associated with underlying cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected persons(*). HIV Med. 2011;12(8):463–71.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

• Grinspoon SK, et al. Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection. N Engl J Med 2023;389(8):687–699. Very recent randomized trial of statin vs placebo in PWH with ASCVD risk of less than 15%. Pitavastatin resulted in a significant reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events. The trial was stopped early due to this effect.

Milic J, et al. Liver steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with fibrosis are predictors of frailty in people living with HIV. AIDS. 2020;34(13):1915–21.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Debroy P, et al. Relationship between Grip Strength and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Men Living with HIV Referred to a Metabolic Clinic. J Frailty Aging. 2019;8(3):150–3.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gawrieh S, et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is not associated with impairment in health-related quality of life in virally suppressed persons with human immune deficiency virus. PLoS One. 2023;18(2):e0279685.

Article  CAS 

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif