Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation

Li J.a,b· Lin Z.b· Wang S.b· Shi Q.a,c

Author affiliations

aState Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
bThe Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
cSchool of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Article / Publication Details

Received: September 04, 2022
Accepted: February 27, 2023
Published online: March 24, 2023

Number of Print Pages: 11
Number of Figures: 4
Number of Tables: 4

ISSN: 0378-7346 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-002X (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/GOI

Abstract

Introduction: This study was performed to clarify the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism on the risk of insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Six genotype models and the mean difference (MD)/standardized mean difference (SMD) were applied to evaluate the effects of ACE I/D polymorphism on insulin resistance and PCOS risk. Results: Thirteen studies with 3,212 PCOS patients and 2,314 controls were collected. In the pooled analysis and Caucasian subgroup, the ACE I/D polymorphism was significantly associated with PCOS risk, even after removing the non-Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) studies. Moreover, the positive effect of ACE I/D polymorphism in PCOS was mainly presented in Caucasians (removing non-HWE, DD + DI vs. II: odds ratio [OR] = 2.15, p = 0.017; DD vs. DI + II: OR = 2.64, p = 0.007; DD vs. DI: OR = 2.48, p = 0.014; DD vs. II: OR = 3.31, p = 0.005; D vs. I: OR = 2.02, p = 0.005) compared to Asians. Interestingly, only in Asians was the ACE I/D polymorphism significantly correlated to insulin levels (DI vs. II: SMD = 0.19, 95% CI = (0.03, 0.35), p = 0.023) and HOMA-IR (DI vs. II: MD = 0.50, 95% CI = (0.05, 0.95), p = 0.031). Conclusions: The D allele of the ACE I/D polymorphism promotes PCOS development. Moreover, the ACE I/D polymorphism was also associated with insulin-resistant PCOS, especially among Asians.

© 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel

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Received: September 04, 2022
Accepted: February 27, 2023
Published online: March 24, 2023

Number of Print Pages: 11
Number of Figures: 4
Number of Tables: 4

ISSN: 0378-7346 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-002X (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/GOI

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