Orexin receptor antagonists in the pathophysiology and treatment of sleep disorders and epilepsy

Keywords

Orexin

Orexin receptor antagonist

Sleep

Sleep disorders

Seizure

Epilepsy

Abbreviations5-HT

5-hydroxytriptophan or serotonin

AMPA

α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid

cAMP

cyclic adenosine monophosphate

CNS

central nervous system

DORAs

dual OXR antagonists

EEG

electroencephalography

ERK

extracellular signal-regulated kinase

FDA

food and drug administration

GPCRs

G-protein-coupled receptors

IEDs

interictal epileptiform discharges

LDT

laterodorsal tegmental nucleus

LHA

lateral hypothalamic area

MAPK

mitogen-activated protein kinase

non-REM or NREM

non-rapid eye movement

OX1R

orexin receptor type 1

OX2R

orexin receptor type 2

PNS

peripheral nervous system

PPT

pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus

SORAs

selective OXR antagonists

TMN

tuberomammillary nucleus

VTA

ventral tegmental area

WAG/Rij

wistar albino glaxo rijswijk;

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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