Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5

PMid:31986264

Di Tella M, Romeo A, Benfante A, Castelli L. Mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. J Eval Clin Pract. 2020;26(6):1583-7.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13444

PMid:32710481

Mani A, Fereidooni R, Salehi-Marzijarani M, Ardekani A, Sasannia S, Habibi P, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of death anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in an Iranian community: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 19;5(4):e706.

https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.706

PMid:35765604 PMCid:PMC9207499

Mowla A, Ardekani A, Feili A, Rahimian Z. Effects of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on mental health of Iranian people. Przegl Epidemiol. 2021;75(4):484-489.

https://doi.org/10.32394/pe.75.44

PMid:35543421

Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(6):510-2.

https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2008017

PMid:32283003

Montemurro N. The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:23-4.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.032

PMid:32240766 PMCid:PMC7138159

Farì G, de Sire A, Giorgio V, Rizzo L, Bruni A, Bianchi FP, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in a cohort of Italian rehabilitation healthcare workers. J Med Virol. 2022;94(1):110-8.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27272

PMid:34387886 PMCid:PMC8426878

Rossi R, Socci V, Pacitti F, Di Lorenzo G, Di Marco A, Siracusano A, et al. Mental Health Outcomes Among Frontline and Second-Line Health Care Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Italy. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(5):e2010185.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10185

PMid:32463467 PMCid:PMC7256664

Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976

PMid:32202646 PMCid:PMC7090843

Muller AE, Hafstad EV, Himmels JPW, Smedslund G, Flottorp S, Stensland S, et al. The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: A rapid systematic review. Psychiatry Res. 2020;293:113441.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441

PMid:32898840 PMCid:PMC7462563

Rossi R, Socci V, Jannini TB, Pacitti F, Siracusano A, Rossi A, et al. Mental Health Outcomes Among Italian Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(11):e2136143.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.36143

PMid:34817580 PMCid:PMC8613589

Doosti-Irani A, Haghdoost AA, Najafi F, Eybpoosh S, Moradi G, Bagheri Amiri F, et al. How Can the Epidemic Curve of COVID-19 in Iran Be Interpreted? J Res Health Sci. 2020;20(3):e00491.

https://doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2020.27

PMid:33169723 PMCid:PMC7585769

Meo SA, Meo AS, Al-Jassir FF, Klonoff DC. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 new variant: global prevalence and biological and clinical characteristics. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(24):8012-8.

Rayani S, Rayani M, Najafi-Sharjabad F. Correlation between anxiety and resilience of healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in the southwest of Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022; 29(15):21528-21536.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17284-x

PMid:34762238 PMCid:PMC8581131

Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361-70.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x

PMid:6880820

Kaviani H, Seyfourian H, Sharifi V, Ebrahimkhani N. Reliability and validity of Anxiety and Depression Hospital Scales (HADS): Iranian patients with anxiety and depression disorders. Tehran Univ Med J. 2009;67(5):379-85.

Lundh L-GJSJOBT. Morin, cm: Insomnia: Psychological assessment and management. 1994.

Yazdi Z, Sadeghniiat-Haghighi K, Zohal MA, Elmizadeh K. Validity and reliability of the Iranian version of the insomnia severity index. Malays J Med Sci. 2012;19(4):31-6.

Olff M, Bakker A, Frewen P, Aakvaag H, Ajdukovic D, Brewer D, et al. Screening for consequences of trauma - an update on the global collaboration on traumatic stress. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2020;11(1):1752504.

https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1752504

PMid:32489523 PMCid:PMC7241533

Noorbala AA, Faghihzadeh S, Kamali K, Bagheri Yazdi SA, Hajebi A, Mousavi MT, et al. Mental Health Survey of the Iranian Adult Population in 2015. Arch Iran Med. 2017;20(3):128-34.

Saffari M, Raei M, Pourhoseingholi MA, Khosh Fetrat M. Psychological Aspects of COVID-19 in Iran: How the Disease May Affect Mental Health of Medical Staff and General Population? International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health (IJTMGH). 2021;9(2):94-9.

https://doi.org/10.34172/ijtmgh.2021.15

Rezapour M, Zarghami M, Sheikhmoonesi F. Psychological Experience and Needs of Front-line Nurses during COVID-19 Outbreak in Iran: A Qualitative Study. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2021;31(196):125-35.

Rouhbakhsh A, Badrfam R, Nejatisafa AA, Soori M, Sharafi SE, Etesam F, et al. Health Care Professionals' Perception of Stress During COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Qualitative Study. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:804637.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.804637

PMid:35177999 PMCid:PMC8844024

Zandifar A, Badrfam R. Fighting COVID-19 in Iran; Economic Challenges Ahead. Arch Iran Med. 2020;23(4):284.

https://doi.org/10.34172/aim.2020.14

PMid:32271606

Hassannia L, Taghizadeh F, Moosazadeh M, Zarghami M, Taghizadeh H, Dooki AF, et al. Anxiety and Depression in Health Workers and General Population During COVID-19 in IRAN: A Cross-Sectional Study. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2021;41(1):40-9.

https://doi.org/10.1002/npr2.12153

PMid:33369264 PMCid:PMC8182959

Azizi M, Kamali M, Moosazadeh M, Aarabi M, Ghasemian R, Hasannezhad Reskati M, et al. Assessing mental health status among Iranian healthcare workers in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional study. Brain Behav. 2021;11(8):e2304.

https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2304

PMid:34333852 PMCid:PMC8413818

Lasalvia A, Bonetto C, Porru S, Carta A, Tardivo S, Bovo C, et al. Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in a highly burdened area of north-east Italy. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2020;30:e1.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796020001158

PMid:33331255 PMCid:PMC7804082

Gao YD, Ding M, Dong X, Zhang JJ, Kursat Azkur A, Azkur D, et al. Risk factors for severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients: A review. Allergy. 2021;76(2):428-55.

https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14657

PMid:33185910

Cohen AK, Nussbaum J, Weintraub MLR, Nichols CR, Yen IH. Association of Adult Depression With Educational Attainment, Aspirations, and Expectations. Preventing chronic disease. 2020;17:E94.

https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.200098

PMid:32857033 PMCid:PMC7478148

Stamatakis KA, Kaplan GA, Roberts RE. Short sleep duration across income, education, and race/ethnic groups: population prevalence and growing disparities during 34 years of follow-up. Ann Epidemiol. 2007;17(12):948-55.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.07.096

PMid:17855122 PMCid:PMC2140008

Khurshid KA. Comorbid Insomnia and Psychiatric Disorders: An Update. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2018;15(3-4):28-32.

Riemann D. Insomnia and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Sleep medicine. 2007;8 Suppl 4:S15-20.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-9457(08)70004-2

PMid:18346672

Slavish DC, Contractor AA, Dietch JR, Messman B, Lucke HR, Briggs M, et al. Characterizing Patterns of Nurses' Daily Sleep Health: a Latent Profile Analysis. Int J Behav Med. 2022 Jan 5.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10048-4

PMid:34988862

Rouhbakhsh A, Arbabi M, Nejatisafa A-A, Sharafi SE, Etesam F, Shahmansouri N, et al. Mental Health of Health Care Workers at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran During COVID-19 Pandemic. JIMC. 2021;4(4):209-20.

https://doi.org/10.18502/jimc.v4i4.8468