There have been a number of past reviews: [44] systematically reviewed AR usability studies across a broad range of applications, one of which includes automotive applications. The authors summarized the high-level contributions of influential studies and provided insight to how these studies further developed the AR landscape. [36] then reviewed AR articles in the automotive industry across four classifications: review papers (i.e., those summarizing existing literature), technical papers (i.e., development of algorithms or software/hardware for AR systems), conceptual papers (i.e., propositions of new concepts to adopt), and application papers (i.e., development and testing in simulated or real environments). Within AR applications, [36] identified five contexts of AR use areas including assembly, design, manufacturing, maintenance, and ‘in-car’ systems, and presented general potential solutions, benefits, and the technological challenges. [45] presented an overview on the existing methodological approaches of user studies on automated driving. Specifically, they reviewed the various constructs evaluated across user studies (e.g., safety, trust, acceptance, workload) and how these constructs were measured, but did not discuss the contexts of when these measures were applied. [46] and [47] both presented key areas of AR usage in ADS-equipped vehicles such as navigation, safety, driver trust, and gamification. [47] provided an in-depth high-level review while [46] additionally conducted a conference workshop. Both discussed the opportunities and challenges for AR applications for drivers, pedestrians, and other road users but did not evaluate impact of AR designs for these areas. [48] reviewed the design of external human–machine interfaces for vehicle-pedestrian communication comparing the performance measurement distinctions between monitor- and VR-based experimental procedures. However, these evaluations did not include ‘in-vehicle’ interface evaluations. Finally, [49] reviewed the opportunities and challenges of incorporating in-vehicle AR applications across interface type (e.g., head-up display, head-mounted display, and device) and location (screen-fixed vs. world-fixed display). However, [49] only focused on the perceptual and distraction issues relating to these AR applications. While these prior reviews provided valuable information about key application areas of AR in the automotive industry, the emerging challenges and opportunities of in-vehicle and vehicle-to-pedestrian AR communication displays, they did not include the variety of AR visualizations for vehicle-driver communication. Therefore, the current review focused on the specific designs of in-vehicle AR visualizations that communicate either road elements (e.g., pedestrians, vehicles, signage) or the ADS’s actions and decision-making to the driver across levels of automated driving.