Alexander PD, Gicas KM, Willi TS, Kim CN, Boyeva V, Procyshyn RM, Smith GN, Thornton AE, Panenka WJ, Jones AA, Vila-Rodriguez F, Lang DJ, William MacEwan G, Honer WG, Barr AM (2017) A comparison of psychotic symptoms in subjects with methamphetamine versus cocaine dependence. Psychopharmacology 234(9–10):1535–1547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4551-7

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bang JW, Shibata K, Frank SM, Walsh EG, Greenlee MW, Watanabe T, Sasaki Y (2018) Consolidation and reconsolidation share behavioral and neurochemical mechanisms. Nat Hum Behav 2(7):507–513. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0366-8

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Beaudoin GM 3rd, Lee SH, Singh D, Yuan Y, Ng YG, Reichardt LF, Arikkath J (2012) Culturing pyramidal neurons from the early postnatal mouse hippocampus and cortex. Nat Protoc 7(9):1741–1754. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2012.099

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berger F, Ramirez-Hernandez MH, Ziegler M (2004) The new life of a centenarian: signalling functions of NAD(P). Trends Biochem Sci 29(3):111–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2004.01.007

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bersten DC, Bruning JB, Peet DJ, Whitelaw ML (2014) Human variants in the neuronal basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) transcription factor complex NPAS4/ARNT2 disrupt function. PLoS ONE 9(1):e85768. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085768

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bittar PG, Charnay Y, Pellerin L, Bouras C, Magistretti PJ (1996) Selective distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in neurons and astrocytes of human brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16(6):1079–1089. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199611000-00001

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bonvento G, Bolanos JP (2021) Astrocyte-neuron metabolic cooperation shapes brain activity. Cell Metab 33(8):1546–1564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2021.07.006

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Boumezbeur F, Petersen KF, Cline GW, Mason GF, Behar KL, Shulman GI, Rothman DL (2010) The contribution of blood lactate to brain energy metabolism in humans measured by dynamic 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Neurosci 30(42):13983–13991. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2040-10.2010

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Boury-Jamot B, Carrard A, Martin JL, Halfon O, Magistretti PJ, Boutrel B (2016) Disrupting astrocyte-neuron lactate transfer persistently reduces conditioned responses to cocaine. Mol Psychiatry 21(8):1070–1076. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.157

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bozzo L, Puyal J, Chatton JY (2013) Lactate modulates the activity of primary cortical neurons through a receptor-mediated pathway. PLoS ONE 8(8):e71721. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071721

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brooks GA (2009) Cell-cell and intracellular lactate shuttles. J Physiol 587(Pt 23):5591–5600. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2009.178350

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Choy FC, Klaric TS, Koblar SA, Lewis MD (2017) miR-744 and miR-224 downregulate Npas4 and affect lineage differentiation potential and neurite development during neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Mol Neurobiol 54(5):3528–3541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-016-9912-4

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

D’Amelio M, Cavallucci V, Middei S, Marchetti C, Pacioni S, Ferri A, Diamantini A, De Zio D, Carrara P, Battistini L, Moreno S, Bacci A, Ammassari-Teule M, Marie H, Cecconi F (2011) Caspase-3 triggers early synaptic dysfunction in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Nat Neurosci 14(1):69–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2709

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dienel GA, Cruz NF (2015) Contributions of glycogen to astrocytic energetics during brain activation. Metab Brain Dis 30(1):281–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-014-9493-8

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dudai Y (2012) The restless engram: consolidations never end. Annu Rev Neurosci 35:227–247. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-062111-150500

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

El Hayek L, Khalifeh M, Zibara V, Abi Assaad R, Emmanuel N, Karnib N, El-Ghandour R, Nasrallah P, Bilen M, Ibrahim P, Younes J, Abou Haidar E, Barmo N, Jabre V, Stephan JS, Sleiman SF (2019) Lactate mediates the effects of exercise on learning and memory through SIRT1-dependent activation of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). J Neurosci 39(13):2369–2382. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1661-18.2019

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Funfschilling U, Supplie LM, Mahad D, Boretius S, Saab AS, Edgar J, Brinkmann BG, Kassmann CM, Tzvetanova ID, Mobius W, Diaz F, Meijer D, Suter U, Hamprecht B, Sereda MW, Moraes CT, Frahm J, Goebbels S, Nave KA (2012) Glycolytic oligodendrocytes maintain myelin and long-term axonal integrity. Nature 485(7399):517–521. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11007

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gibbs ME, Anderson DG, Hertz L (2006) Inhibition of glycogenolysis in astrocytes interrupts memory consolidation in young chickens. Glia 54(3):214–222. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20377

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gibbs ME, Hutchinson D, Hertz L (2008) Astrocytic involvement in learning and memory consolidation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 32(5):927–944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.02.001

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Halestrap AP (2012) The monocarboxylate transporter family–structure and functional characterization. IUBMB Life 64(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.573

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hyman SE (2005) Addiction: a disease of learning and memory. Am J Psychiatry 162(8):1414–1422. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1414

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jourdain P, Rothenfusser K, Ben-Adiba C, Allaman I, Marquet P, Magistretti PJ (2018) Dual action of L-lactate on the activity of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors: from potentiation to neuroprotection. Sci Rep 8(1):13472. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31534-y

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lin Y, Bloodgood BL, Hauser JL, Lapan AD, Koon AC, Kim TK, Hu LS, Malik AN, Greenberg ME (2008) Activity-dependent regulation of inhibitory synapse development by Npas4. Nature 455(7217):1198–1204. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07319

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu L, Liu M, Zhao W, Zhao YL, Wang Y (2021) Levo-tetrahydropalmatine: a new potential medication for methamphetamine addiction and neurotoxicity. Exp Neurol 344:113809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113809

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lopez-Fabuel I, Le Douce J, Logan A, James AM, Bonvento G, Murphy MP, Almeida A, Bolanos JP (2016) Complex I assembly into supercomplexes determines differential mitochondrial ROS production in neurons and astrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 113(46):13063–13068. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613701113

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Maroun M, Akirav I (2009) Differential involvement of dopamine D1 receptor and MEK signaling pathway in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in consolidation and reconsolidation of recognition memory. Learn Mem 16(4):243–247. https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.1245009

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martin SJ, Grimwood PD, Morris RG (2000) Synaptic plasticity and memory: an evaluation of the hypothesis. Annu Rev Neurosci 23:649–711. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.649

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martin TA, Jayanthi S, McCoy MT, Brannock C, Ladenheim B, Garrett T, Lehrmann E, Becker KG, Cadet JL (2012) Methamphetamine causes differential alterations in gene expression and patterns of histone acetylation/hypoacetylation in the rat nucleus accumbens. PLoS ONE 7(3):e34236. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034236

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McKenzie S, Eichenbaum H (2011) Consolidation and reconsolidation: two lives of memories? Neuron 71(2):224–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2011.06.037

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Newman LA, Korol DL, Gold PE (2011) Lactate produced by glycogenolysis in astrocytes regulates memory processing. PLoS ONE 6(12):e28427. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028427

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ordenes P, Villar PS, Tarifeno-Saldivia E, Salgado M, Elizondo-Vega R, Araneda RC, Garcia-Robles MA (2021) Lactate activates hypothalamic POMC neurons by intercellular signaling. Sci Rep 11(1):21644. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00947-7

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pierre K, Pellerin L (2005) Monocarboxylate transporters in the central nervous system: distribution, regulation and function. J Neurochem 94(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03168.x

CAS  Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ploski JE, Monsey MS, Nguyen T, DiLeone RJ, Schafe GE (2011) The neuronal PAS domain protein 4 (Npas4) is required for new and reactivated fear memories. PLoS ONE 6(8):e23760. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023760

CAS  Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Proia P, Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, Fricano A, Di Liegro I (2016) Lactate as a metabolite and a regulator in the central nervous system. Int J Mol Sci. https://doi.org/10.