Acknowledgments. The authors are grateful to the ADA and EASD for their support of the PMDI. The authors acknowledge the contribution of Dr. William T. Cefalu (formerly of the ADA and now at the NIDDK) in establishing the PMDI from its outset. The ADA staff supported the preparation and running of both the first PDM conference in Madrid in 2019 and the second virtual PDM2021 conference this year. The authors also acknowledge the ongoing scientific contributions of the volunteer participants in the PMDI working groups (Supplementary Appendix).

Funding. PMDI has received funding support from the ADA (for ongoing work, including both conferences) as well as existing research funding from P.W.F. at Lund University (for conferences and for administrative and librarian support for the working groups as well as for the cost of software licenses required to perform the systematic reviews). No formal funding relationships with governmental structures (e.g., NIDDK), foundations, or pharmaceutical/device companies exist currently. These organizations, however, as well as EASD, have provided intellectual support thus far. For expansion of the program (including support for the working groups and the proposed research and outreach programs), additional sources of support are being sought by the ADA and EASD. A.R.K. is supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), through grant KL2TR002490. Z.S.-A. was supported during this work by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Canada Graduate Doctoral Scholarship. M.-F.H. was supported by an American Diabetes Association Pathways to Stop Diabetes Accelerator Award (1-15-ACE-26). L.J. is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1304901) and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission Funding (Z201100005520013). V.M. has received funds from NIH, National Institute for Health Research, and Indian Government funding agencies, including the Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Biotechnology, and Department of Science and Technology. L.H.P. is funded by grants from the University of Chicago Diabetes Research Center: P30 DK020595, R01DK104942, and U54DK118612. S.S.R. is funded by the following grants from NIH: U01-DK062418, DP3-DK111906, and R01-DK122586. P.W.F. has been supported by an Irish Research Council award from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research and European Research Council award ERC-2015-CoG-681742_NASCENT.

Duality of Interest. V.M. has acted as a consultant and speaker for and has received research or educational grants from Novo Nordisk, MSD, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, LifeScan J&J, Sanofi, Roche Diagnostics, Abbott, and several Indian pharmaceutical companies, including USV, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, and Sun Pharma. P.W.F. has served on advisory panels for Eli Lilly, Sanofi Aventis, Novo Nordisk A/S, and Zoe Ltd., has received honoraria from Lilly, iMedica, Novo Nordisk A/S, and UBS, and has received research funding from Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi Aventis, and Servier. As of May 2021, P.W.F. is an employee of the Novo Nordisk Foundation. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

Author Contributions. J.J.N., S.S.R., and P.W.F. (together with Dr. William T. Cefalu) conceptualized the overall PMDI. These three, along with L.H.P. and R.H.E., have led the development of the PMDI as its Executive Committee. C.G. represents the ADA on the Executive Committee. All authors were involved in the planning and execution of the PDM2021 conference. J.J.N. wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to manuscript review and editing. J.J.N. is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.