1. Pitt, JM, Vétizou, M, Daillère, R, et al. Resistance mechanisms to immune-checkpoint blockade in cancer: tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. Immunity 2016 Jun 21; 44(6): 1255–1269.
Google Scholar | Medline2. Hurst, JH . Cancer immunotherapy innovator james allison receives the 2015 lasker∼DeBakey clinical medical research award. J Clin Invest 2015; 125: 3732–3736.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline3. Ribas, A, Wolchok, JD. Cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade. Science (New York, NY). 2018; 359: 1350–1355.
Google Scholar | Crossref4. Hodi, FS, O’Day, SJ, McDermott, DF, et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 711–723.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI5. Vuky, J, Balar, Av, Castellano, D, et al. Long-Term outcomes in KEYNOTE-052: phase II study investigating first-line pembrolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible patients With locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38: 2658–2666.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline6. Schmid, P, Rugo, HS, Adams, S, et al. Atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel as first-line treatment for unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (IMpassion130): updated efficacy results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21: 44–59.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline7. Gandhi, L, Rodríguez-Abreu, D, Gadgeel, S, et al. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in metastatic Non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2018; 378: 2078–2092.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline8. Reck, M, Rodríguez-Abreu, D, Robinson, AG, et al. Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for PD-L1-positive Non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2016; 375: 1823–1833.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI9. Larkin, J, Chiarion-Sileni, V, Gonzalez, R, et al. Five-Year survival with combined nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. N Engl J Med 2019; 381: 1535–1546.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline10. Michot, JM, Bigenwald, C, Champiat, S, et al. Immune-related adverse events with immune checkpoint blockade: a comprehensive review. Eur J Cancer 2016; 54: 139–148.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline11. Atallah-Yunes, SA, Kadado, AJ, Kaufman, GP, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and myocarditis: a systematic review of reported cases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145: 1527–1557.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline12. Johnson, DB, Balko, JM, Compton, ML, et al. Fulminant myocarditis with combination immune checkpoint blockade. N Engl J Med 2016; 375: 1749–1755.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline13. Mahmood, SS, Fradley, MG, Cohen, Jv, et al. Myocarditis in patients treated With immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 71: 1755–1764.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline14. Rubio-Infante, N, Ramírez-Flores, YA, Castillo, EC, et al. Cardiotoxicity associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy: a meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021 Oct; 23(10): 1739–1747. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2289
Google Scholar | Crossref15. Salem, J-E, Manouchehri, A, Moey, M, et al. Cardiovascular toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: an observational, retrospective, pharmacovigilance study. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19: 1579–1589.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline16. Patel, RP, Parikh, R, Gunturu, KS, et al. Cardiotoxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Curr Oncol Rep 2021; 23: 79.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline17. Hu, J-R, Florido, R, Lipson, EJ, et al. Cardiovascular toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 115: 854–868.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline18. Lyon, AR, Yousaf, N, Battisti, NML, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and cardiovascular toxicity. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19: e447–e458.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline19. Safi, M, Ahmed, H, Al-Azab, M, et al. PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors and cardiotoxicity; molecular, etiological and management outlines. J Adv Res 2021; 29: 45–54.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline20. Seino, Y, Ogawa, A, Yamashita, T, et al. Application of`NT-proBNP and BNP measurements in cardiac care: a more discerning marker for the detection and evaluation of heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2004; 6: 295–300.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI21. Su, Q, Liu, H, Zhang, X, et al. Diagnostic values of NT-proBNP in acute dyspnea among elderly patients. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8: 13471–13476.
Google Scholar | Medline22. Ray, P, Delerme, S, Jourdain, P, et al. Differential diagnosis of acute dyspnea: the value of B natriuretic peptides in the emergency department. Int J Med 2008; 101: 831–843.
Google Scholar23. Brahmer, JR, Lacchetti, C, Schneider, BJ, et al. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated With immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: american society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36: 1714–1768.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline24. Ganatra, S, Neilan, TG. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis. Oncologist 2018; 23: 879–886.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline25. Pavo, N, Raderer, M, Hülsmann, M, et al. Cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with cancer and their association with all-cause mortality. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 2015; 101: 1874–1880.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI