1. Rudd, RA, Aleshire, N, Zibbell, JE, Gladden, RM. Increases in drug and opioid overdose deaths--United States, 2000-2014. MMWR Morbidity and mortality weekly report. 2016;64(50 & 51):1378-1382.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline2. Hah, JM, Bateman, BT, Ratliff, J, Curtin, C, Sun, E. Chronic opioid use after surgery. Anesth Analg. 2017;125(5):1733-1740.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline3. Jiang, X, Orton, M, Feng, R, et al. Chronic opioid usage in surgical patients in a large academic center. Ann Surg. 2017;265(4):722-727.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline4. Volkow, ND, McLellan, TA, Cotto, JH, Karithanom, M, Weiss, SR. Characteristics of opioid prescriptions in 2009. Jama. 2011;305(13):1299-1301.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI5. Deyo, RA, Hallvik, SE, Hildebran, C, et al. Use of prescription opioids before and after an operation for chronic pain (lumbar fusion surgery). Pain. 2018;159(6):1147-1154.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline6. Wright, AK, Sikora, M, Leveque, J-C. Characterizing the risk of long-term opioid utilization in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Spine. 2020;45(1):E54-E60.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline7. Lee, D, Armaghani, S, Archer, KR, et al. Preoperative opioid use as a predictor of adverse postoperative self-reported outcomes in patients undergoing spine surgery. J Bone Jt Surg. 2014;96(11):e89.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline8. Tank, A, Hobbs, J, Ramos, E, Rubin, DS. Opioid dependence and prolonged length of stay in lumbar fusion. Spine. 2018;43(24):1739-1745.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline9. Cloward, RB . The treatment of ruptured lumbar intervertebral discs by vertebral body fusion. J Neurosurg. 1953;10(2):154-168.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline10. Harms, J, Rolinger, H. [A one-stager procedure in operative treatment of spondylolistheses: dorsal traction-reposition and anterior fusion (author’s transl)]. Z Orthop Grenzgeb. 1982;120(3):343-347.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI11. Foley, K, Holly, L, Schwender, J. Minimally invasive lumbar fusion. Spine. 2003;28(15S):S26-S35.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI12. Santoni, BG, Hynes, RA, McGilvray, KC, et al. Cortical bone trajectory for lumbar pedicle screws. Spine J. 2009;9(5):366-373.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI13. Basil, GW, Wang, MY. Trends in outpatient minimally invasive spine surgery. J Spine Surg. 2019;5(suppl 1):S108.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline14. McGirt, MJ, Parker, SL, Mummaneni, P, et al. Is the use of minimally invasive fusion technologies associated with improved outcomes after elective interbody lumbar fusion? Analysis of a nationwide prospective patient-reported outcomes registry. Spine J. 2017;17(7):922-932.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline15. Lee, GW, Son, J-H, Ahn, M-W, Kim, H-J, Yeom, JS. The comparison of pedicle screw and cortical screw in posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a prospective randomized noninferiority trial. Spine J. 2015;15(7):1519-1526.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline16. Sakaura, H, Miwa, T, Yamashita, T, Kuroda, Y, Ohwada, T. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with cortical bone trajectory screw fixation versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion using traditional pedicle screw fixation for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a comparative study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016;25(5):591-595.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline17. Chen, Y-R, Deb, S, Pham, L, Singh, H. Minimally invasive lumbar pedicle screw fixation using cortical bone trajectory–a prospective cohort study on postoperative pain outcomes. Cureus. 2016;8(7).
Google Scholar18. Reid, DBC, Shah, KN, Ruddell, JH, et al. Effect of narcotic prescription limiting legislation on opioid utilization following lumbar spine surgery. Spine J. 2019;19(4):717-725.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline19. Reid, DBC, Patel, SA, Shah, KN, et al. Opioid-limiting legislation associated with decreased 30-day opioid utilization following anterior cervical decompression and fusion. Spine J. 2020;20(1):69-77.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline