Immunomodulatory Functions of TRPM7 and its Implications in Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimamune disease is an inappropriate response to one's tissues due to a break in immune tolerance and exposure to self-antigens. It often leads to structural and functional damage to organs as well as systemic disorders. To date, there are no effective interventions to prevent the progression of autoimmune diseases. Hence, there is an urgent need for new treatment targets. TRPM7 is an enzyme-coupled, transient receptor ion channel of the subfamily M that plays a vital role in pathologic and physiologic conditions. While TRPM7 is constitutively activated under certain conditions, it can regulate cell migration, polarization, proliferation, and cytokine secretion. However, a growing body of evidence highlights the critical role of TRPM7 in autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and diabetes. Herein we present; a) a review of the channel kinase properties of TRPM7 and its pharmacological properties, b) discuss the role of TRPM7 in immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells) and its upstream immunoreactive substances, and c) highlight TRPM7 as a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases.

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