[Series] The COVID-19 puzzle: deciphering pathophysiology and phenotypes of a new disease entity

1.Andersen KG Rambaut A Lipkin WI Holmes EC Garry RF

The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2.

Nat Med. 26: 450-4522.

COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

3.Johns Hopkins University of Medicine

COVID-19 dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSS) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU).

4.Carfì A Bernabei R Landi F Gemelli Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group

Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19.

JAMA. 324: 603-6055.Helms J Kremer S Merdji H et al.

Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.

N Engl J Med. 382: 2268-22706.

Long term respiratory complications of covid-19.

BMJ. 370m30017.The Editors of the Lancet Group

Learning from a retraction.

Lancet. 39610568.Rochwerg B Parke R Murthy S et al.

Misinformation during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: how knowledge emerges from noise.

Crit Care Explor. 2e00989.

The Conversation: Coronavirus research done too fast is testing publishing safeguards, bad science is getting through.

10.

Scientists cut peer-review corners under pressure of COVID-19 pandemic.

11.Osuchowski MF Aletti F Cavaillon JM et al.

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: evolving reality, global response, knowledge gaps, and opportunities.

Shock. 54: 416-43712.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Frequently asked questions about SARS.

13.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) – The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

14.Thoms M Buschauer R Ameismeier M et al.

Structural basis for translational shutdown and immune evasion by the Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV-2.

Science. 369: 1249-125515.

Evasion of type I interferon by SARS-CoV-2.

Cell Rep. 3310823416.

Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and pathogenesis.

Trends Immunol. 41: 1100-111517.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens.

JAMA. 323: 1843-184418.Xiao F Tang M Zheng X Liu Y Li X Shan H

Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2.

Gastroenterology. 158: 1831-1833.e319.Stanifer ML Kee C Cortese M et al.

Critical role of type III interferon in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection in human intestinal epithelial cells.

Cell Rep. 3210786320.Chu H Zhou J Wong BH et al.

Productive replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in monocyte-derived dendritic cells modulates innate immune response.

Virology. 454–455: 197-20521.Cheung CY Poon LL Ng IH et al.

Cytokine responses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected macrophages in vitro: possible relevance to pathogenesis.

J Virol. 79: 7819-782622.

Active replication of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and aberrant induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human macrophages: implications for pathogenesis.

J Infect Dis. 209: 1331-134223.Chen Y Feng Z Diao B et al.

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly decimates human spleens and lymph nodes.

medRxiv. () 24.Wang C Xie J Zhao L et al.

Alveolar macrophage dysfunction and cytokine storm in the pathogenesis of two severe COVID-19 patients.

EBioMedicine. 5710283325.Wölfel R Corman VM Guggemos W et al.

Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019.

Nature. 581: 465-46926.Rockx B Kuiken T Herfst S et al.

Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model.

Science. 368: 1012-101527.Peiris JSM Chu CM Cheng VCC et al.

Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study.

Lancet. 361: 1767-177228.Pan Y Zhang D Yang P Poon LLM Wang Q

Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples.

Lancet Infect Dis. 20: 411-41229.

Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19.

Nat Med. 26: 672-67530.Corman VM Albarrak AM Omrani AS et al.

Viral shedding and antibody response in 37 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection.

Clin Infect Dis. 62: 477-48331.Yilmaz A Marklund E Andersson M et al.

Upper respiratory tract levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and duration of viral RNA shedding do not differ between patients with mild and severe/critical COVID-19.

J Infect Dis. 223: 15-1832.Chandrashekar A Liu J Martinot AJ et al.

SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques.

Science. 369: 812-81733.Ni L Ye F Cheng M-L et al.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in COVID-19 convalescent individuals.

Immunity. 52: 971-977.e334.Weis S Scherag A Baier M et al.

Antibody response using six different serological assays in a completely PCR-tested community after a COVID-19 outbreak—the CoNAN study.

Clin Microbiol Infect. 27: 470.e1-470.e935.Sekine T Perez-Potti A Rivera-Ballesteros O et al.

Robust T cell immunity in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19.

Cell. 183: 158-168.e1436.Ibarrondo FJ Fulcher JA Goodman-Meza D et al.

Rapid decay of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in persons with mild Covid-19.

N Engl J Med. 383: 1085-108737.Cao W-C Liu W Zhang P-H Zhang F Richardus JH

Disappearance of antibodies to SARS-associated coronavirus after recovery.

N Engl J Med. 357: 1162-116338.Tang F Quan Y Xin ZT et al.

Lack of peripheral memory B cell responses in recovered patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a six-year follow-up study.

J Immunol. 186: 7264-726839.Wu LP Wang NC Chang YH et al.

Duration of antibody responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Emerg Infect Dis. 13: 1562-156440.Guo X Guo Z Duan C et al.

Long-term persistence of IgG antibodies in SARS-CoV infected healthcare workers.

medRxiv. () 41.Dan JM Mateus J Kato Y et al.

Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection.

Science. 371eabf406342.Le Bert N Tan AT Kunasegaran K et al.

SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls.

Nature. 584: 457-46243.

SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity: specificity, function, durability, and role in protection.

Sci Immunol. 5eabd616044.Mateus J Grifoni A Tarke A et al.

Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans.

Science. 370: 89-9445.

Antibodies induced by receptor-binding domain in spike protein of SARS-CoV do not cross-neutralize the novel human coronavirus hCoV-EMC.

J Infect. 67: 348-35046.Che XY Qiu LW Liao ZY et al.

Antigenic cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus and human coronaviruses 229E and OC43.

J Infect Dis. 191: 2033-203747.Chan KH Cheng VC Woo PC et al.

Serological responses in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and cross-reactivity with human coronaviruses 229E, OC43, and NL63.

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 12: 1317-132148.Lv H Wu NC Tsang OT-Y et al.

Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections.

Cell Rep. 3110772549.Premkumar L Segovia-Chumbez B Jadi R et al.

The receptor binding domain of the viral spike protein is an immunodominant and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Sci Immunol. 5eabc841350.

vWei P-F, ed. Diagnosis and treatment protocol for novel coronavirus pneumonia (trial version 7). Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133: 1087–95.

51.Epidemiology Working Group for NCIP Epidemic ResponseChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China.

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 41: 145-15152.Hou YJ Okuda K Edwards CE et al.

SARS-CoV-2 reverse genetics reveals a variable infection gradient in the respiratory tract.

Cell. 182: 429-446.e1453.Tang X Du RH Wang R et al.

Comparison of hospitalized patients with ARDS caused by COVID-19 and H1N1.

Chest. 158: 195-20554.Ellinghaus D Degenhardt F Bujanda L et al.

Genomewide association study of severe Covid-19 with respiratory failure.

N Engl J Med. 383: 1522-153455.Siswanto GM Gani M Fauzi AR et al.

Possible silent hypoxemia in a COVID-19 patient: a case report.

Ann Med Surg (Lond). 60: 583-58656.Dhont S Derom E Van Braeckel E Depuydt P Lambrecht BN

The pathophysiology of ‘happy’ hypoxemia in COVID-19.

Respir Res. 21: 19857.Guan WJ Ni ZY Hu Y et al.

Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China.

N Engl J Med. 382: 1708-172058.Manning HL Schwartzstein RM

Pathophysiology of dyspnea.

N Engl J Med. 333: 1547-155359.

Measuring the ventilatory response to hypoxia.

J Physiol. 584: 285-29360.Brochard L Slutsky A Pesenti A

Mechanical ventilation to minimize progression of lung injury in acute respiratory failure.

Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 195: 438-44261.Tobin MJ Laghi F Jubran A

Why COVID-19 silent hypoxemia is baffling to physicians.

Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 202: 356-36062.

Abnormal pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients at time of hospital discharge.

Eur Respir J. 55200121763.Lang M Som A Mendoza DP et al.

Hypoxaemia related to COVID-19: vascular and perfusion abnormalities on dual-energy CT.

Lancet Infect Dis. 20: 1365-136664.Westblade LF Brar G Pinheiro LC et al.

SARS-CoV-2 viral load predicts mortality in patients with and without cancer who are hospitalized with COVID-19.

Cancer Cell. 38: 661-671.e265.Magleby R Westblade LF Trzebucki A et al.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 viral load on risk of intubation and mortality among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Clin Infect Dis. ()66.Hikmet F Méar L Edvinsson Å Micke P Uhlén M Lindskog C

The protein expression profile of ACE2 in human tissues.

Mol Syst Biol. 16e961067.Hoffmann M Kleine-Weber H Schroeder S et al.

SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor.

Cell. 181: 271-280.e868.Dickson RP Erb-Downward JR Martinez FJ Huffnagle GB

The microbiome and the respiratory tract.

Annu Rev Physiol. 78: 481-50469.

Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2: the world should face the reality.

Environ Int. 13910573070.Wilson NM Norton A Young FP Collins DW

Airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 to healthcare workers: a narrative review.

Anaesthesia. 75: 1086-109571.Cantuti-Castelvetri L Ojha R Pedro LD et al.

Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.

Science. 370: 856-86072.Wang S Qiu Z Hou Y et al.

AXL is a candidate receptor for SARS-CoV-2 that promotes infection of pulmonary and bronchial epithelial cells.

Cell Res. 31: 126-14073.Carsana L Sonzogni A Nasr A et al.

Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: a two-centre descriptive study.

Lancet Infect Dis. 20: 1135-114074.Hellman U Karlsson MG Engström-Laurent A et al.

Presence of hyaluronan in lung alveoli in severe Covid-19: an opening for new treatment options?.

J Biol Chem. 295: 15418-1542275.Yao XH He ZC Li TY et al.

Pathological evidence for residual SARS-CoV-2 in pulmonary tissues of a ready-for-discharge patient.

Cell Res. 30: 541-54376.Ackermann M Verleden SE Kuehnel M et al.

Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19.

N Engl J Med. 383: 120-12877.Prilutskiy A Kritselis M Shevtsov A et al.

SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Am J Clin Pathol. 154: 466-47478.Nicholls JM Poon LL Lee KC et al.

Lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Lancet. 361: 1773-177879.Sorbello M El-Boghdadly K Di Giacinto I et al.

The Italian coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: recommendations from clinical practice.

Anaesthesia. 75: 724-73280.Gattinoni L Chiumello D Caironi P et al.

COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?.

Intensive Care Med. 46: 1099-110281.Tobin MJ Laghi F Jubran A

Caution about early intubation and mechanical ventilation in COVID-19.

Ann Intensive Care. 10: 7882.Grasselli G Tonetti T Protti A et al.

Pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre prospective observational study.

Lancet Respir Med. 8: 1201-120883.Gattinoni L Marini JJ Camporota L

The respiratory drive: an overlooked tile of COVID-19 pathophysiology.

Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 202: 1079-108084.

Pulmonary fibrosis: pathogenesis, etiology and regulation.

Mucosal Immunol. 2: 103-12185.Quartuccio L Semerano L Benucci M Boissier MC De Vita S

Urgent avenues in the treatment of COVID-19: targeting downstream inflammation to prevent catastrophic syndrome.

Joint Bone Spine. 87: 191-19386.

A potential treatment of COVID-19 with TGF-β blockade.

Int J Biol Sci. 16: 1954-195587.Eapen MS Lu W Gaikwad AV et al.

Endothelial to mesenchymal transition: a precursor to post-COVID-19 interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and vascular obliteration?.

Eur Respir J. 56200316788.

Pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Am J Pathol. 170: 1136-114789.Hui DS Joynt GM Wong KT et al.

Impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on pulmonary function, functional capacity and quality of life in a cohort of survivors.

Thorax. 60: 401-40990.Herridge MS Tansey CM Matté A et al.

Functional disability 5 years after acute respiratory distress syndrome.

N Engl J Med. 364: 1293-130491.Hwang DM Chamberlain DW Poutanen SM Low DE Asa SL Butany J

Pulmonary pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Toronto.

Mod Pathol. 18: 1-1092.Guo Y Korteweg C McNutt MA Gu J

Pathogenetic mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Virus Res. 133: 4-1293.Edler C Schröder AS Aepfelbacher M et al.

Dying with SARS-CoV-2 infection-an autopsy study of the first consecutive 80 cases in Hamburg, Germany.

Int J Legal Med. 134: 1275-128494.Barton LM Duval EJ Stroberg E Ghosh S Mukhopadhyay S

COVID-19 autopsies, Oklahoma, USA.

Am J Clin Pathol. 153: 725-73395.Ojha V Mani A Pandey NN Sharma S Kumar S

CT in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of chest CT findings in 4410 adult patients.

Eur Radiol. 30: 6129-613896.Yu M Liu Y Xu D Zhang R Lan L Xu H

Prediction of the development of pulmonary fibrosis using serial thin-section CT and clinical features in patients discharged after treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia.

Korean J Radiol. 21: 746-75597.Klok FA Kruip MJHA van der Meer NJM et al.

Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19.

Thromb Res. 191: 145-14798.Obi AT Barnes GD Napolitano LM Henke PK Wakefield TW

Venous thrombosis epidemiology, pathophysiology, and anticoagulant therapies and trials in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 9: 23-3599.Obi AT Pannucci CJ Nackashi A et al.

Validation of the Caprini venous thromboembolism risk assessment model in critically ill surgical patients.

JAMA Surg. 150: 941-948100.Burkhard-Koren NM Haberecker M Maccio U et al.

Higher prevalence of pulmonary macrothrombi in SARS-CoV-2 than in influenza A: autopsy results from ‘Spanish flu’ 1918/1919 in Switzerland to Coronavirus disease 2019.

J Pathol Clin Res. 7: 135-143101.

Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China.

JAMA Intern Med. 180: 934-943102.

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study.

Lancet. 395: 1054-1062103.Chen T Wu D Chen H et al.

Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study.

BMJ. 368m1091104.Goyal P Choi JJ Pinheiro LC et al.

Clinical characteristics of Covid-19 in New York City.

N Engl J Med. 382: 2372-2374105.Thachil J Tang N Gando S et al.

ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19.

J Thromb Haemost. 18: 1023-1026106.Leisman DE Ronner L Pinotti R et al.

Cytokine elevation in severe and critical COVID-19: a rapid systematic review, meta-analysis, and comparison with other inflammatory syndromes.

Lancet Respir Med. 8: 1233-1244107.

Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection.

Clin Chem Lab Med. 58: 1131-1134108.Jirak P Larbig R Shomanova Z et al.

Myocardial injury in severe COVID-19 is similar to pneumonias of other origin: results from a multicentre study.

ESC Heart Fail. 8: 37-46109.Mazzoni A Salvati L Maggi L et al.

Impaired immune cell cytotoxicity in severe COVID-19 is IL-6 dependent.

J Clin Invest. 130: 4694-4703110.Varga Z Flammer AJ Steiger P et al.

Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19.

Lancet. 395: 1417-1418111.Bösmüller H Traxler S Bitzer M et al.

The evolution of pulmonary pathology in fatal COVID-19 disease: an autopsy study with clinical correlation.

Virchows Arch. 477: 349-357112.Schaefer IM Padera RF Solomon IH et al.

In situ detection of SARS-CoV-2 in lungs and airways of patients with COVID-19.

Mod Pathol. 33: 2104-2114113.

Renal histopathological analysis of 26 postmortem findings of patients with COVID-19 in China.

Kidney Int. 98: 219-227114.Buja LM Wolf DA Zhao B et al.

The emerging spectrum of cardiopulmonary pathology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): report of 3 autopsies from Houston, Texas, and review of autopsy findings from other United States cities.

Cardiovasc Pathol. 48107233115.Sadegh Beigee F Pourabdollah Toutkaboni M Khalili N et al.

Diffuse alveolar damage and thrombotic microangiopathy are the main histopathological findings in lung tissue biopsy samples of COVID-19 patients.

Pathol Res Pract. 216153228116.Iba T Levy JH Connors JM Warkentin TE Thachil J Levi M

The unique characteristics of COVID-19 coagulopathy.

Crit Care. 24: 360117.Copin MC Parmentier E Duburcq T Poissy J Mathieu D

Time to consider histologic pattern of lung injury to treat critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection.

Intensive Care Med. 46: 1124-1126118.McGonagle D O'Donnell JS Sharif K Emery P Bridgewood C

Immune mechanisms of pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Lancet Rheumatol. 2: e437-e445119.Arachchillage DJ Stacey A Akor F Scotz M Laffan M

Thrombolysis restores perfusion in COVID-19 hypoxia.

Br J Haematol. 190: e270-e274120.Zhang Y Xiao M Zhang S et al.

Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Covid-19.

N Engl J Med. 382: e38121.

Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China.

JAMA. 323: 1061-1069122.Botta M Tsonas AM Pillay J et al.

Ventilation management and clinical outcomes in invasively ventilated patients with COVID-19 (PRoVENT-COVID): a national, multicentre, observational cohort study.

Lancet Respir Med. 9: 139-148123.Sinha P Calfee CS Cherian S et al.

Prevalence of phenotypes of acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a prospective observational study.

Lancet Respir Med. 8: 1209-1218124.Puelles VG Lütgehetmann M Lindenmeyer MT et al.

Multiorgan and renal tropism of SARS-CoV-2.

N Engl J Med. 383: 590-592125.Wichmann D Sperhake JP Lütgehetmann M et al.

Autopsy findings and venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.

Ann Intern Med. 173: 268-277126.Gill SE Dos Santos CC O'Gorman DB et al.

Transcriptional profiling of leukocytes in critically ill COVID19 patients: implications for interferon response and coagulation.

Intensive Care Med Exp. 8: 75127.Deinhardt-Emmer S Wittschieber D

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif