Creating a novel digital intervention to bridge the organizational and personal health literacy gap by teaching the way patients learn: a process and application study

Abstract

Low literacy is on the rise in the USA and is one of the independent predictors of poor health outcomes. While much written health information is now adapted to lower reading levels, more needs to be done to address the gap between material content and target consumers' comprehension ability, which often is more complex than simple reading level adjustments. This paper describes the process of developing a culturally, context, and literacy-aligned intervention that promotes and supports preventive lifestyle behaviors among low-income Latino women (Latinas). Focus group discussions and key-informant interviews were conducted to identify needs, barriers and beliefs of low-income Latinas regarding obesity, healthy eating and physical activity. A simple literacy-aligned, culturally-appropriate and socio-economically acceptable (LACASA) framework and intervention were then created through an academic-community partnership: medical professionals and students, community health workers and researchers. The curriculum, which included minimal and easy-to-read written material and PowerPoint presentations, was piloted and revised before being launched. The resulting lifestyle curriculum for high-risk low-income Latinas was well-received and was a good fit for the priority population. Creating a program using the LACASA approach requires an interdisciplinary team to invest time working with key members of the priority population and a commitment to adjusting materials to the group's literacy level and its cultural and economic realities. Programs created to serve low-income individuals with limited literacy cannot rely on pre-created curricula. Instead, these must be re-evaluated and adjusted to address both content core principles and specific contexts of the priority population.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

This research project was funded by a grant from the Ardmore Institute of Health [grant # 2170480].

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

Yes

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

IRB of Loma Linda University gave ethical approval for this work.

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

Yes

I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

Yes

I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.

Yes

Data Availability

The data produced are not available.

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