Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

Sec. Signaling

Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1488877

This article is part of the Research Topic Glycocalyx in Ocular Health and Diseases View all articles

Provisionally accepted

Ashley M Woodward Pablo Argüeso * Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

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The cornea is densely innervated to maintain the integrity of the ocular surface, facilitating functions such as sensation and tear production. Following damage, alterations in the corneal microenvironment can profoundly affect its innervation, potentially impairing healing and sensory perception. One protein frequently upregulated at the ocular surface following tissue damage is galectin-3, but its contribution to corneal nerve regeneration remains unclear. Here, we sought to delineate the role of galectin-3 in regulating the expression of neurotrophic factors by different human cell types. Using a pathway-focused PCR array, we first evaluated the expression of neurotrophic factors in primary cultures of human corneal epithelial cells and fibroblasts. We found that these cell types contributed differently to the expression of these factors, with fibroblasts exhibiting higher levels of NGF, BDNF, and GDNF compared to epithelial cells. Treatment with exogenous galectin-3 did not significantly affect epithelial cells; however, it did lead to increased synthesis and secretion of IL6, a cytokine known to influence neuronal survival and modulate inflammatory responses, by corneal fibroblasts. Using the human-derived SH-SY5Y cell line as a neuron-like cell model, we also found that galectin-3 stimulated the expression of FOS and LIF, two genes involved in neural differentiation and survival. In summary, these in vitro findings suggest that the presence of galectin-3 in the corneal environment may influence the neuronal response to injury.

Keywords: Cornea, Epithelium, fibroblast, galectin-3, Interleukin 6, neurotrophic factors

Received: 30 Aug 2024; Accepted: 19 Nov 2024.

Copyright: © 2024 Woodward and Argüeso. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Pablo Argüeso, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, United States

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