Arjona A, Delgado F, Fernandez-Romero E. Intracranial hypertension secondary to giant arachnoid granulations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003;74:418.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Watane GV, Patel B, Brown D, Taheri MR. The significance of Arachnoid Granulation in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2018;42:282–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Khanna D, Peltzer C, Kahar P, Parmar MS. Body Mass Index (BMI): a Screening Tool Analysis. Cureus. 2022;14:e22119.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Beatty RM, Hornig GW, Hanson EJ. Jr. Protruding arachnoid granulations mimicking dermoid cysts. J Pediatr Surg. 1989;24:411–3.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ference BA, Graham I, Tokgozoglu L, Catapano AL. Reprint of: impact of lipids on Cardiovascular Health: JACC Health Promotion Series. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72:2980–95.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Goldstein JL, Brown MS. A century of cholesterol and coronaries: from plaques to genes to statins. Cell. 2015;161:161–72.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bir SC, Kelley RE. Carotid atherosclerotic disease: a systematic review of pathogenesis and management. Brain Circ. 2022;8:127–36.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nissen SE, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I, Libby P, Raichlen JS, Ballantyne CM, et al. Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. JAMA. 2006;295:1556–65.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nicholls SJ, Ballantyne CM, Barter PJ, Chapman MJ, Erbel RM, Libby P, et al. Effect of two intensive statin regimens on progression of coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:2078–87.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Yahagi K, Kolodgie FD, Otsuka F, Finn AV, Davis HR, Joner M, et al. Pathophysiology of native coronary, vein graft, and in-stent atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016;13:79–98.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kockx MM, Cambier BA, Bortier HE, De Meyer GR, Declercq SC, van Cauwelaert PA, et al. Foam cell replication and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in human saphenous vein grafts. Histopathology. 1994;25:365–71.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Domanski MJ, Borkowf CB, Campeau L, Knatterud GL, White C, Hoogwerf B, et al. Prognostic factors for atherosclerosis progression in saphenous vein grafts: the postcoronary artery bypass graft (Post-CABG) trial. Post-CABG trial investigators. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:1877–83.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Knatterud GL, Rosenberg Y, Campeau L, Geller NL, Hunninghake DB, Forman SA, et al. Long-term effects on clinical outcomes of aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation in the post coronary artery bypass graft trial. Post CABG Investigators Circulation. 2000;102:157–65.

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Tanaka H, Zaima N, Sasaki T, Yamamoto N, Sano M, Konno H, et al. Loss of lymphatic vessels and regional lipid accumulation is associated with great saphenous vein incompetence. J Vasc Surg. 2012;55:1440–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stolz E, Valdueza JM, Grebe M, Schlachetzki F, Schmitt E, Madlener K, et al. Anemia as a risk factor for cerebral venous thrombosis? An old hypothesis revisited. Results of a prospective study. J Neurol. 2007;254:729–34.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Qiu X, Zhao P, Li X, Ding H, Lv H, Zeng R, et al. The relationships among transverse sinus stenosis measured by CT venography, venous trans-stenotic pressure gradient and intracranial pressure in patients with unilateral venous pulsatile Tinnitus. Front Neurosci. 2021;15:694731.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leach JL, Meyer K, Jones BV, Tomsick TA. Large arachnoid granulations involving the dorsal superior sagittal sinus: findings on MR imaging and MR Venography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008;29:1335–9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mehta RI, Mehta RI. Giant Arachnoid granulations: a systematic literature review. Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24.

Sun Y, Hou XH, Wang DD, Ma YH, Tan CC, Sun FR, et al. Apolipoprotein B/AI ratio as an independent risk factor for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Aging. 2019;11:6851–62.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Enomoto M, Adachi H, Hirai Y, Fukami A, Satoh A, Otsuka M et al. LDL-C/HDL-C Ratio Predicts Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression Better Than HDL-C or LDL-C Alone. J Lipids. 2011; 2011:549137.

Yang WS, Li R, Shen YQ, Wang XC, Liu QJ, Wang HY, et al. Importance of lipid ratios for predicting intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19:160.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Yang Q, Duan J, Fan Z, Qu X, Xie Y, Nguyen C, et al. Early detection and quantification of cerebral venous thrombosis by magnetic resonance black-blood Thrombus imaging. Stroke. 2016;47:404–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang G, Yang X, Duan J, Zhang N, Maya MM, Xie Y, et al. Cerebral venous thrombosis: MR Black-blood Thrombus imaging with enhanced blood Signal suppression. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2019;40:1725–30.

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Yang X, Wu F, Liu Y, Duan J, Fisher M, Ji X, et al. Diagnostic performance of MR black-blood thrombus imaging for cerebral venous thrombosis in real-world clinical practice. Eur Radiol. 2022;32:2041–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mollan SP, Ali F, Hassan-Smith G, Botfield H, Friedman DI, Sinclair AJ. Evolving evidence in adult idiopathic intracranial hypertension: pathophysiology and management. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016;87:982–92.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lee JM, Gebremariam A, Card-Higginson P, Shaw JL, Thompson JW, Davis MM. Poor performance of body mass index as a marker for hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163:716–23.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nowak-Göttl U, Junker R, Hartmeier M, Koch HG, Münchow N, Assmann G, et al. Increased lipoprotein(a) is an important risk factor for venous thromboembolism in childhood. Circulation. 1999;100:743–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Skuza AA, Polak M, Undas A. Elevated lipoprotein(a) as a new risk factor of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: association with fibrin clot properties. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2019;47:8–15.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Yazdani SK, Farb A, Nakano M, Vorpahl M, Ladich E, Finn AV, et al. Pathology of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents in saphenous vein bypass graft lesions. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;5:666–74.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

The effect of. Aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation on obstructive changes in saphenous-vein coronary-artery bypass grafts. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:153–62.

Article  Google Scholar 

Yang L, Li T, Zha L. Foxc2 alleviates Ox-LDL-Induced lipid Accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis of macrophage via regulating the expression of Angptl2. Inflammation. 2020;43:1397–410.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bian W, Jing X, Yang Z, Shi Z, Chen R, Xu A, et al. Downregulation of LncRNA NORAD promotes Ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis. Aging. 2020;12:6385–400.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mehta RI, Mangla R, Mehta RI. Giant Arachnoid granulations: diagnostic workup and characterization in three symptomatic adults. Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24.