Uncommon mononeuropathies are challenging to diagnose as they can mimic joint pathology, radiculopathies, or plexopathies. They are less easily diagnosed due to unfamiliarity with their clinical presentation, knowledge of anatomy, and less commonly used diagnostic studies. A careful history, physical examination, and electrodiagnostic evaluation can help identify these neuropathies in a timely manner to administer the best treatment for resolution of symptoms. Recent advances in ultrasound and magnetic resonance techniques are used to confirm clinical suspicion of peripheral neuropathy by clearly depicting the anatomy and pathology as well as describing findings that mimic mononeuropathy. It is important for neurology, orthopedic, rheumatology, emergency, and primary care physicians to be familiar with less common mononeuropathies.