Jiang J, Lin E, Hanson DG (2000) VOCAL FOLD PHYSIOLOGY. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 33:699–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0030-6665(05)70238-3

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dankbaar JW, Pameijer FA (2014) Vocal cord paralysis: anatomy, imaging and pathology. Insights Imaging 5:743–751. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13244-014-0364-y

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Suárez-Quintanilla J, Cabrera AF, Sharma S (2023) Anatomy, Head and Neck: Larynx. 1

Wang H-W, Lu C-C, Chao P-Z, Lee F-P (2022) Causes of Vocal fold paralysis. Ear Nose Throat J 101:NP294–NP298. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145561320965212

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alwan M, Paddle PM (2022) Vocal cord paralysis: pathophysiology, etiologies, and evaluation. Int J Head Neck Surg 12:153–160. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1515

Article  Google Scholar 

Seyed Toutounchi SJ, Eydi M, Golzari SE et al (2014) Vocal cord paralysis and its etiologies: a prospective study. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 6:47–50. https://doi.org/10.5681/jcvtr.2014.009

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guo M-F, Yu J-Z, Ma C-G (2011) Mechanisms related to neuron injury and death in cerebral hypoxic ischaemia. Folia Neuropathol 49:79–87

CAS  Google Scholar 

Fujiki N, Nakamura H, Nonomura M et al (1999) Bilateral vocal Fold paralysis caused by polyarteritis nodosa. Am J Otolaryngol 20:412–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0709(99)90084-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Saito Y, Kawashima Y, Kondo A et al (2006) Dysphagia-gastroesophageal reflux complex: complications due to dysfunction of solitary tract nucleus-mediated vago-vagal reflex. Neuropediatrics 37:115–120. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-924428

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Simonyan K (2014) The laryngeal motor cortex: its organization and connectivity. Curr Opin Neurobiol 28:15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2014.05.006

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Eichert N, Papp D, Mars RB, Watkins KE (2020) Mapping human Laryngeal Motor Cortex during vocalization. Cereb Cortex 30:6254–6269. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa182

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J et al (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 62:e1–e34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Study Quality Assessment Tools | NHLBI, NIH https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/study-quality-assessment-tools. Accessed 19 Apr 2024

Al Aiyan A, Balan R (2023) Mapping the branching pattern of the middle cerebral artery in the camel (Camelus dromedarius): a comprehensive anatomical analysis. Front Vet Sci 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1224197

Li-Jessen NYK, Ridgway C (2020) Neuroanatomy of Voice and Swallowing. Neurologic and neurodegenerative diseases of the Larynx. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 21–40

Chapter  Google Scholar 

Sydnor VJ, Larsen B, Bassett DS et al (2021) Neurodevelopment of the association cortices: patterns, mechanisms, and implications for psychopathology. Neuron 109:2820–2846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.016

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Simonyan K, Horwitz B (2011) Laryngeal Motor Cortex and Control of Speech in humans. Neuroscientist 17:197–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858410386727

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bhardwaj N, Yadala S (2023) Neuroanatomy, Corticobulbar Tract. StatPearls

Saran M, Georgakopoulos B, Bordoni B (2018) Anatomy, Head and Neck. Larynx Vocal Cords, StatPearls

Google Scholar 

Quattrocchi CC, Fariello G, Longo D (2016) Brainstem tegmental lesions in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: magnetic resonance diagnosis and clinical outcome. World J Radiol 8:117. https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v8.i2.117

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Varghese B, Xavier R, Manoj VC et al (2016) Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of perinatal hypoxic–ischemic brain injury. Indian J Radiol Imaging 26:316–327. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190421

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li B, Concepcion K, Meng X, Zhang L (2017) Brain-immune interactions in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Prog Neurobiol 159:50–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.006

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sekhon MS, Ainslie PN, Griesdale DE (2017) Clinical pathophysiology of hypoxic ischemic brain injury after cardiac arrest: a two-hit model. Crit Care 21:90. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-017-1670-9

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hacking C, Jones J (2008) Middle cerebral artery. In: Radiopaedia.org. Radiopaedia.org

Takase K, Shigeto H, Furuta K et al (2011) Transient vocal cord palsy caused by hypoperfusion of unilateral hemisphere. Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 102:273–276

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bathini L, Jomah M, Krajacic A et al (2014) Acquired bilateral adductor laryngeal paralysis in neonates and children: a case series and a systematic review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 78:1866–1869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.08.012

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cooke P, Janowitz H, Dougherty SE (2022) Neuronal Redevelopment and the Regeneration of Neuromodulatory Axons in the adult mammalian Central Nervous System. Front Cell Neurosci 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2022.872501

Sawalha K, Abd Elazim A, Hussein O (2021) Ipsilateral vocal cord paralysis after Acute Anterior ischemic stroke. Perm J. https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/20.104. 25:

Article  Google Scholar 

Bogousslavsky J, Regli F (1990) Capsular genu syndrome. Neurology 40:1499–1502. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.40.10.1499

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Allam H, Kassar D, Al Khalili Y et al (2015) Brainstem ischemia presenting with inspiratory stridor. Neurol Clin Neurosci 3:145–146. https://doi.org/10.1111/ncn3.166

Article  Google Scholar 

Romeo Singh K, Roy M, Gumbo M et al (2023) Lateral medullary syndrome. JMS -. J Med Soc 21:26–27. https://doi.org/10.3329/bccj.v5i1.32548

Bek S, Kaşikçi T, Öz O et al (2023) Medial medullary syndrome. Turk Noroloji Dergisi 16:55–56. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.26.9.1548

Article  Google Scholar 

Shetty H, Kynaston J (2016) A dinner, a drip and a dissection! Int J Stroke 11:106–107. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747493016670567

Article  Google Scholar 

Díaz-Pérez C, Trillo S, Hervás C et al (2023) [Bilateral vocal cord paralysis with acute airway obstruction and urgent tracheotomy in a patient with an acute vertebrobasilar stroke]. Rev Neurol 77:253–257. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7710.2023153

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Darshan P, Menon I, Shivram S, Mandala SB (2022) Self-inflicted stroke-posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) syndrome, a rare complication of Near hanging. Indian J Crit Care Med 26:S27. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23712A.56

Article  Google Scholar 

Valente D, Gil I, Jacinto F et al (2023) Isolated vocal cord paresis as a presentation of acute ischemic stroke. Neurol Sci 44:1087–1088. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06469-y

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

van Bel F, Groenendaal F (2020) Birth asphyxia-induced brain damage: the long road to optimal reduction and prevention! Pediatr Med 3:3–3. https://doi.org/10.21037/pm.2019.11.02

Article  Google Scholar 

Junior JC, Koga W, De Carvalho WB, DORSAL BRAINSTEM SYNDROME AND THE USE OF NEURALLY ADJUSTED VENTILATORY ASSIST (NAVA) IN AN INFANT (2018) Revista Paulista De Pediatria 36:109. https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;1;00003

Article  Google Scholar