The novel mpox clade Ib initially identified in the Domestic Republic of Congo has spread to its multiple neighbouring countries as well as countries beyond the African continent. We characterised the global risk of importation of mpox clade Ib, highlighting the need to ramp up surveillance capacity for early detection.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

TRA is supported by the Rotary Foundation (GG2350294), the Nagasaki University World-leading Innovative & Smart Education (WISE) Program of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows (JP24KJ1827). S-mJ is supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Safety and Healthcare Epidemiology Prevention Research Development programme (200-2016-91781). AE is supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JPMJPR22R3), JSPS Grants-in-Aid KAKENHI (JP22K17329) and National University of Singapore Start-Up Grant. SJ, GH and BLD are supported by the Ministry of Education Reimagine Research Grant and PREPARE, Ministry of Health.

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I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.

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The data analysis code in the present study is deposited on https://github.com/toshiakiasakura/mpox1b_importation_risk. The OAG flight volume data was not uploaded as per the terms of the contract.