United nations. United nations framework convention on climate change. 1992. https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Glossary. In: IPCC, editor. Climate Change 2022—Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Working Group II Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2023. pp. 2897–930. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/EB298BA71905BEC7462EA11BF4C4EA09.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Climate change 2022—impacts, adaptation and vulnerability: working group II contribution to the sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2023.
European Commission, Eurostat, Corselli-Nordblad L, Strandell H. Ageing Europe—looking at the lives of older people in the EU. In: Corselli-Nordblad L, Strandell H, editors. 2020th ed. Publications Office; 2020.
Melillo JM, Richmond T, Yohe GW. Climate change impacts in the United States: the third national climate assessment. Vol. 2014. Washington DC: U.S. Global Change Research Program; 2014p. p. 841. https://doi.org/10.7930/J0Z31WJ2.
Carroll M, Walker J. Rural older people, climate change and disasters. 2020. pp. 336–48.
Rhoades JL, Gruber JS, Horton B. Developing an in-depth understanding of elderly adult’s vulnerability to climate change. GERONT. 2018;58(3):567–77.
Bunker A, Wildenhain J, Vandenbergh A, Henschke N, Rocklöv J, Hajat S, et al. Effects of air temperature on climate-sensitive mortality and morbidity outcomes in the elderly; a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence. eBioMedicine. 2016;6:258–68.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hajat S, Vardoulakis S, Heaviside C, Eggen B. Climate change effects on human health: projections of temperature-related mortality for the UK during the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014;68(7):641.
Arnberger A, Allex B, Eder R, Ebenberger M, Wanka A, Kolland F, et al. Elderly resident’s uses of and preferences for urban green spaces during heat periods. Urban Urban Green. 2017;21:102–15.
Klinenberg E. Review of heat wave: social autopsy of disaster in Chicago. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(7):666–7.
Kravchenko J, Abernethy AP, Fawzy M, Lyerly HK. Minimization of heatwave morbidity and mortality. Am J Prev Med. 2013;44(3):274–82.
Wilhelmi OV, Hayden MH. Connecting people and place: a new framework for reducing urban vulnerability to extreme heat. Environ Res Lett. 2010;5(1):14021.
Wanka A, Arnberger A, Allex B, Eder R, Hutter HP, Wallner P. The challenges posed by climate change to successful ageing. Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2014;47(6):468–74.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Public health advice on preventing health effects of heat. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2011. [cited 2024 Jul 2]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2011-2510-42266-58691.
European Environment Agency. Global and European temperatures. 2024. https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/indicators/global-and-european-temperatures. Accessed 1 July 2024.
Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). European state of the climate 2023, full report. 2024. climate.copernicus.eu/ESOTC/2023.
Lhotka O, Kyselý JT. 2021 European heat wave in the context of past major heat waves. Earth Space Sci. 2022;9(11):e2022EA002567.
World Meteorological Organization. World meteorological organization. 2023. https://wmo.int/topics/heatwave. Accessed 1 July 2024.
European Environment Agency. Europe’s changing climate hazards — an index-based interactive EEA report. 2021. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/europes-changing-climate-hazards-1/climate-hazards-indices. Accessed 1 July 2024.
Mentaschi L, Duveiller G, Zulian G, Corbane C, Pesaresi M, Maes J, et al. Global long-term mapping of surface temperature shows intensified intra-city urban heat island extremes. Glob Environ Change. 2022;72:102441.
Liu Z, Zhan W, Bechtel B, Voogt J, Lai J, Chakraborty T, et al. Surface warming in global cities is substantially more rapid than in rural background areas. Commun Earth Environ. 2022;3(1):1–9.
GeoSphere Austria. ZAMG. Klimamittelwerte 1991–2020. https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/klima/informationsportal-klimawandel/daten-download/copy_of_klimamittel. Accessed 1 July 2024.
Mayrhuber EAS, Dückers MLA, Wallner P, Arnberger A, Allex B, Wiesböck L, et al. Vulnerability to heatwaves and implications for public health interventions—a scoping review. Environ Res. 2018;166:42–54.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Åström DO, Bertil F, Joacim R. Heat wave impact on morbidity and mortality in the elderly population: a review of recent studies. Maturitas. 2011;69(2):99–105.
Arnberger A, Allex B, Eder R, Wanka A, Kolland F, Wiesböck L, et al. Changes in recreation use in response to urban heat differ between migrant and non-migrant green space users in Vienna, Austria. Urban Urban Green. 2021;63:127193.
Cheng J, Xu Z, Bambrick H, Su H, Tong S, Hu W. Heatwave and elderly mortality: an evaluation of death burden and health costs considering short-term mortality displacement. Environ Int. 2018;115:334–42.
Ballester J, Quijal-Zamorano M, Méndez Turrubiates RF, Pegenaute F, Herrmann FR, Robine JM, et al. Heat-related mortality in Europe during the summer of 2022. Nat Med. 2023;29(7):1857–66.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Robine JM, Cheung SLK, Le Roy S, Van Oyen H, Griffiths C, Michel JP, et al. Death toll exceeded 70,000 in Europe during the summer of 2003. C R Biol. 2008;331(2):171–8.
Kosatsky TT. 2003 European heat waves. Euro Surveill. 2005;10(7):3–4.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Leon LR, Bouchama A. Heat stroke. In: Comprehensive physiology. 2015. pp. 611–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c140017.
Khraishah H, Alahmad B, Ostergard RL, AlAshqar A, Albaghdadi M, Vellanki N, et al. Climate change and cardiovascular disease: implications for global health. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2022;19(12):798–812.
Ebi KL, Capon A, Berry P, Broderick C, de Dear R, Havenith G, et al. Hot weather and heat extremes: health risks. Lancet. 2021;398(10301):698–708.
McDermott-Levy R, Kolanowski AM, Fick DM, Mann ME. Addressing the Health Risks of Climate Change in Older Adults. J Gerontol Nurs. 2019 Nov;45(11):21–9.
Gamble JL, Hurley BJ, Schultz PA, Jaglom WS, Krishnan N, Harris M. Climate change and older americans: state of the science. Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121(1):15–22.
Liu C, Yavar Z, Sun Q. Cardiovascular response to thermoregulatory challenges. Am J Physiol. 2015;309(11):H1793–H812.
Hansen A, Bi P, Nitschke M, Pisaniello D, Newbury J, Kitson A. Older persons and heat-susceptibility: the role of health promotion in a changing climate. Health Promot J Aust. 2011; S17–S20.
Vandentorren S, Bretin P, Zeghnoun A, Mandereau-Bruno L, Croisier A, Cochet C, et al. August 2003 heat wave in France: risk factors for death of elderly people living at home. Eur J Public Health. 2006;16(6):583–91.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Heaviside C, Macintyre H, Vardoulakis S. The Urban heat island: implications for health in a changing environment. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2017;4(3):296–305.
Mohajerani A, Bakaric J, Jeffrey-Bailey T. The urban heat island effect, its causes, and mitigation, with reference to the thermal properties of asphalt concrete. J Environ Manage. 2017;197:522–38.
Bowler DE, Buyung-Ali L, Knight TM, Pullin AS. Urban greening to cool towns and cities: a systematic review of the empirical evidence. Landsc Urban Plan. 2010;97(3):147–55.
Deilami K, Kamruzzaman Md LY. Urban heat island effect: a systematic review of spatio-temporal factors, data, methods, and mitigation measures. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformation. 2018;67:30–42.
Cuerdo-Vilches T, Díaz J, López-Bueno JA, Luna MY, Navas MA, Mirón IJ, et al. Impact of urban heat islands on morbidity and mortality in heat waves: observational time series analysis of Spain’s five cities. Sci Total Environ. 2023;890:164412.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hu K, Guo Y, Hochrainer-Stigler S, Liu W, See L, Yang X, et al. Evidence for urban-rural disparity in temperature-mortality relationships in Zhejiang province, China. Environ Health Perspect. 2019;127(3):37001.
留言 (0)