Curcumin (Cur)-loaded Graphitic carbon nitride/Barium hydroxide (g-C3N4/Ba(OH)2) nanocarriers ( GCNB NCRs) were synthesized using a chemical precipitation method and were proved to be an effective drug delivery vehicle with ultrasound and pH sensitivity. The highest drug encapsulation efficiency of 85% was found in the GCNB nanocarrier, and upon incorporating Polyvinylpyrrolidone (1 mg/mL) into the nanocarrier, the encapsulation efficiency was found to be 80%. After introducing ultrasound, the curcumin drug release from the Folic Acid (FA) -GCNB nanocarrier at pH 5.4 increased from 54.86% to 88.39%. The release of the drug at this pH occurs gradually over an extended duration of 72 h compared to the release observed in studies conducted at pH 1.5 and 7.4. The cell viability at 1000 µg/mL concentration for different drug-loaded NCs is as follows: CUR/FA-GCNB-PVP: 25.00 %; Curcumin: 9.81 %; Cur (5mg)/FA-GCNB: 18.58%; Cur (10 mg)/FA-GCNB: 15.86% for the assay done with light irradiation whereas that of done in dark conditions is as CUR/FA-GCNB-PVP: 32.05%; Curcumin: 17.50 %; Cur (5mg)/FA-GCNB: 25.90%; Cur(10 mg)/FA-GCNB: 23.20%. The IC50 value of Cur (5mg)/FA-GCNB and Cur (10mg)/FA-GCNB corresponds to 154.62 and 128.96 µg/mL for the MCF-7 cell line treated under light. Whereas Cur(5mg)/FA-GCNB and Cur (10mg)/FA-GCNB showed an IC50 value of 181.11 and 165.02 µg/mL, respectively, in dark conditions. The eradication of tumor cells is accomplished by inducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as confirmed by 2'-7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) and EPR studies. The nontoxicity of the nanocomposite was confirmed from a cytotoxicity study against the HEK-293 cell line.

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