Hospitalized patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) often receive treatment with extended-spectrum antibiotics while waiting for culture results, as a precaution in case of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections. However, most of these patients could be treated with standard-spectrum antibiotics.

In the cluster-randomized INSPIRE trial, the effect of the new INSPIRE antibiotic stewardship bundle on empiric extended-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions for hospitalized patients with UTI was assessed, and the results were published in JAMA. The INSPIRE stewardship bundle consists of computerized provider order entry (CPOE) prompts recommending standard-spectrum antibiotics for patients with low estimated absolute risk of MDRO infection (<10%), combined with education and feedback.