Berry EM, Dernini S, Burlingame B, Meybeck A, Conforti P. Food security and sustainability: can one exist without the other? Public Health Nutr. 2015;18:2293–302.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pallardy RIPCC, Report Analysis. The Top Five Measures to Halve Emissions by 2030 | Journey to Zero. https://journeytozerostories.neste.com/sustainability/ipcc-report-analysis-top-five-measures-halve-emissions-2030?gclid=CjwKCAjwrNmWBhA4EiwAHbjEQNlyd0U3lixMASsb2ZclaBOm89NHNRBBa1tl1q4m7FiATTiSgkOTchoCznUQAvD_BwE (2022). Accessed 19 Jul 2022.

Poore J, Nemecek T. Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Sci (1979). 2018;360:987–92.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Crippa M, Solazzo E, Guizzardi D, Monforti-Ferrario F, Tubiello FN, Leip A. Food systems are responsible for a third of global anthropogenic GHG emissions. Nature Food 2021 2:3. 2021;2:198–209.

Springmann M, Clark M, Mason-D’Croz D, Wiebe K, Bodirsky BL, Lassaletta L, et al. Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Nature. 2018;562:519–25.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, Springmann M, Lang T, Vermeulen S, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet. 2019;393:447–92.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tilman D, Clark M. Global diets link environmental sustainability and human health. Nature. 2014;515:518–22.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Westhoek H, Lesschen JP, Rood T, Wagner S, de Marco A, Murphy-Bokern D, et al. Food choices, health and environment: effects of cutting Europe’s meat and dairy intake. Glob Environ Change. 2014;26:196–205.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bonnet C, Bouamra-Mechemache Z, Réquillart V, Treich N. Viewpoint: regulating meat consumption to improve health, the environment and animal welfare. Food Policy. 2020;97:101847.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hartmann C, Siegrist M. Consumer perception and behaviour regarding sustainable protein consumption: a systematic review. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2017;61:11–25.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Dernini S, Berry EM. Mediterranean Diet: from a healthy Diet to a sustainable Dietary Pattern. Front Nutr. 2015;2:15.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nelson ME, Hamm MW, Hu FB, Abrams SA, Griffin TS. Alignment of healthy dietary patterns and environmental sustainability: a systematic review. Adv Nutr. 2016;7:1005.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Truzzi ML, Puviani MB, Tripodi A, Toni S, Farinetti A, Nasi M, et al. Mediterranean Diet as a model of sustainable, resilient and healthy diet. Progress Nutr. 2020;22:0–00.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Dinu M, Pagliai G, Casini A, Sofi F. Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018;72:30–43. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28488692/.

Bach-Faig A, Berry EM, Lairon D, Reguant J, Trichopoulou A, Dernini S, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14:2274–84.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, Drescher G, Ferro-Luzzi A, Helsing E et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;61.

Serra-Majem L, Tomaino L, Dernini S, Berry EM, Lairon D, de la Cruz JN, et al. Updating the Mediterranean Diet pyramid towards sustainability: focus on environmental concerns. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:1–20.

Article  Google Scholar 

Tong TYN, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT, Imamura F, Forouhi NG. Prospective association of the Mediterranean diet with cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality and its population impact in a non-mediterranean population: the EPIC-Norfolk study. BMC Med. 2016;14.

Martínez-González MA. Benefits of the Mediterranean diet beyond the Mediterranean Sea and beyond food patterns. BMC Med. 2016;14.

Martínez-González MA, Gea A, Ruiz-Canela M. The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Health. Circ Res. 2019;124:779–98.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Woodside J, Young IS, McKinley MC. Culturally adapting the Mediterranean Diet pattern – a way of promoting more ‘sustainable’ dietary change? Br J Nutr. 2022;128:693.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/ (2015). Accessed 23 Jun 2023.

Imamura F, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Fahimi S, Shi P, Powles J, et al. Dietary quality among men and women in 187 countries in 1990 and 2010: a systematic assessment. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3:e132–42.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Monteiro CA, Moubarac JC, Cannon G, Ng SW, Popkin B. Ultra-processed products are becoming dominant in the global food system. Obes Rev. 2013;14:21–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Christ A, Lauterbach M, Latz E. Western Diet and the Immune System: an inflammatory connection. Immunity. 2019;51:794–811.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aicr WCRF, Diet. Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: a Global Perspective A summary of the Third Expert Report. https://www.wcrf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Summary-of-Third-Expert-Report-2018.pdf (2018). Accessed 23 Jun 2023.

Swinburn BA, Sacks G, Hall KD, McPherson K, Finegood DT, Moodie ML, et al. The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. Lancet. 2011;378:804–14.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, et al. Global, regional and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults 1980–2013: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2014;384:766.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nishida C, Uauy R, Kumanyika S, Shetty P. The joint WHO/FAO expert consultation on diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: process, product and policy implications. Public Health Nutr. 2004;7:245–50.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Popkin BM, Adair LS, Ng SW. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutr Rev. 2012;70:3–21.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Add Health. Social, Behavioral, and Biological Linkages Across the Life Course. https://addhealth.cpc.unc.edu/. Accessed 22 Feb 2023.

Aceijas C, Waldhäusl S, Lambert N, Cassar S, Bello-Corassa R. Determinants of health-related lifestyles among university students. Perspect Public Health. 2017;137:227–36.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deshpande S, Basil MD, Basil DZ. Factors influencing healthy eating habits among College students: an application of the Health Belief Model. 2009;26:145–64.

Stok FM, Renner B, Clarys P, Lien N, Lakerveld J, Deliens T. Understanding eating Behavior during the transition from adolescence to Young Adulthood: A literature review and perspective on future research directions. Nutrients. 2018;10:667.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bruening M, van Woerden I, Todd M, Laska MN. Hungry to learn: the prevalence and effects of food insecurity on health behaviors and outcomes over time among a diverse sample of university freshmen. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity. 2018;15.

Nicoteri JAL, Miskovsky MJ. Revisiting the freshman 15: assessing body mass index in the first college year and beyond. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2014;26:220–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yan Z, Harrington A. Factors that predict weight gain among first-year college students. Health Educ J. 2020;79:94–103.

Article  Google Scholar 

Pope L, Hansen D, Harvey J. Examining the Weight Trajectory of College Students. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2017;49:137–41.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sogari G, Velez-Argumedo C, Gómez MI, Mora C. College Students and Eating habits: a study using an ecological model for Healthy Behavior. Nutrients. 2018;10.

Elmskini FZ, Bouh A, Labyad A, Elghoulam N, Iraqi H, Mehdad S, et al. Increased nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are associated with lower body mass index and better self-rated general health among university students. Hum Nutr Metabolism. 2024;35:200240.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

AlBlooshi S, Khalid A, Hijazi R. The barriers to Sustainable Nutrition for Sustainable Health among Zayed University Students in the UAE. Nutrients. 2022;14.

Amaral AR, Rodrigues E, Gaspar AR, Gomes Á. A review of empirical data of sustainability initiatives in university campus operations. J Clean Prod. 2020;250:119558.

Article  Google Scholar 

Plotnikoff RC, Costigan SA, Williams RL, Hutchesson MJ, Kennedy SG, Robards SL, et al. Effectiveness of interventions targeting physical activity, nutrition and healthy weight for university and college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity. 2015;12:1–10.

Article  Google Scholar 

Krattenmacher J, Casal P, Dutkiewicz J, Huchard E, Sanders E, Treich N, et al. Universities should lead on the plant-based dietary transition. Lancet Planet Health. 2023;7:e354–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39:175–91.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lachat C, Hawwash D, Ocké MC, Berg C, Forsum E, Hörnell A, Larsson C, Sonestedt E, Wirfält E, Åkesson A, Kolsteren P, Byrnes G, De Keyzer W, Van Camp J, Cade JE, Slimani N, Cevallos M, Egger M, Huybrechts I. Strengthening the reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology-Nutritional Epidemiology (STROBE-nut): An Extension of the STROBE Statement.

Danquah IH, Petersen CB, Skov SS, Tolstrup JS. Validation of the NPAQ-short – a brief questionnaire to monitor physical activity and compliance with the WHO recommendations. BMC Public Health. 2018;18.

World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128 (2020). Accessed 22 Feb 2023.

Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Ngo J, Ortega RM, García A, Pérez-Rodrigo C, et al. Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutr. 2004;7:931–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tepper S, Diklah G, ·, Shahar DR, Shepon A, Mendelsohn O, Golan M, et al. The SHED Index: a tool for assessing a sustainable HEalthy Diet. Eur J Nutr. 2021;60:3897–909.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tepper S, Kissinger M, Avital K, Shahar DR. The Environmental Footprint Associated with the Mediterranean Diet, EAT-Lancet Diet, and the sustainable healthy Diet Index: a Population-based study. Front Nutr. 2022;9.

World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Sustainable healthy diets: guiding principles. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516648 (2019). Accessed 22 Feb 2023.

EAT-Lancet Commission. Summary Reports - Healthy Diets From Sustainable Food Systems. https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/eat-lancet-commission-summary-report/ (2019). Accessed 30 Aug 2023.

Ohlau M, Spiller A, Risius A. Plant-based diets are not enough? Understanding the consumption of plant-based Meat Alternatives along Ultra-processed foods in different dietary patterns in Germany. Front Nutr. 2022;9:850.

Article  Google Scholar 

Boase NJ, White MP, Gaze WH, Redshaw CH. Why don’t the British eat locally harvested shellfish? The role of misconceptions and knowledge gaps. Appetite. 2019;143:104352.

Article