From the aFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon

bFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon

cDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

dFaculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon

eSchool of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon

fDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

gDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.

Received July 20, 2023, and accepted for publication, after revision March 21, 2024.

Previous presentation: This work has not been presented before.

Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. Dr Zuckerman reports being an unaffiliated neurotrauma consultant for the National Football League. This research did not receive any funds.

Reprints: Scott L. Zuckerman, MD, MPH, Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North T-4224, Nashville, TN 37212. E-mail: [email protected].