Beck J, Raabe A, Lanfermann H, Seifert V, Weidauer S (2004) Tissue at risk concept for endovascular treatment of severe vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75:1779–1781

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Da Costa L, Fisher J, Mikulis DJ, Tymianski M, Fierstra J (2025) Early identification of brain tissue at risk for delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir Suppl 120:105–109

Article  Google Scholar 

De Rooij NK, Greving JP, Rinkel GJE, Frijns CJM (2013) Early prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Development and validation of a practical risk chart. Stroke 44:1288–1294

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dodd WS, Laurent D, Dumont AS, Hasan DM, Jabbour PM, Starke RM, Hosaka K, Polifka AJ, Hoh BL, Chalouhi N (2021) Pathophysiology of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a review. J Am Heart Assoc 10:e021845

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Döring K, Mielke D, Moerer O, Stamm G, Karsch S, Psychogios MN, Rohde V, Malinova V (2022) Radiation exposure in the acute phase after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the era of CT perfusion. Clin Neuroradiol 32:123–132

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Duan Y, Xu H, Li R, Zheng K, Hu Z, Wu N, Yang Y, Zhuge Q, Chen W (2027) Computed tomography perfusion deficits during the baseline period in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage are predictive of delayed cerebral ischemia. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 26:162–168

Article  Google Scholar 

Han H, Chen Y, Li R, Lin F, Lu J, Chen X, Wang S (2022) The value of early CT perfusion parameters for predicting delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Rev 45:2517–2531

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hijdra A, Brouwers PJAMB, Vermeulen M, van Gijn J (1990) Grading the amount of blood on computed tomograms after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 21:1156–1161

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hu P, Wu Y, Yan T, Shu L, Liu F, Xiao B, Ye M, Wu M, Lv S, Zhu X (2024) Deep learning-based quantification of total bleeding volume and its association with complications, disability, and death in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 29:1–12

Google Scholar 

Hurth H, Steiner J, Birkenhauer U, Roder C, Hauser TK, Ernemann U, Tatagiba M, Ebner FH (2021) Relationship of the vascular territory affected by delayed cerebral ischemia and the location of the ruptured aneurysm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Rev 44:3479–3486

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ko SB, Choi HA, Carpenter AM, Helbok R, Schmidt JM, Badjatia N, Claassen J, Conolly ES, Mayer SA, Lee K (2011) Quantitative analysis of hemorrhage volume for predicting delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 42:669–674

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lagares A, Jimenez-Roldan L, Gomez PA, Munarriz PM, Castano-Leon AM, Cepeda S, Alen JF (2015) Prognostic value of the amount of bleeding after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a quantitative volumetric study. Neurosurgery 77:898–907

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu JJ, Raskin JS, McFarlane R, Samatham R, Cetas JS (2020) Subarachnoid hemorrhage pattern predicts acute cerebral blood flow response in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl 127:83–89

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Malinova V, Döring K, Psychogios MN, Rohde V, Mielke D (2021) Impact of implementing an elaborated CT perfusion protocol for aneurysmal SAH on functional outcome: CTP protocol for SAH. Am J Neuroradiol 42:1956–1961

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Malinova V, Tsogkas I, Behme D, Rohde V, Psychogios MN, Mielke D (2020) Defining cutoff values for early prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage by CT perfusion. Neurosurg Rev 43:581–587

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McVerry F, Dani KS, MacDougall NJJ, MacLeod MJ, Wardlaw J, Muir KW (2014) Derivation and evaluation of thresholds for core and tissue at risk of infarction using CT perfusion. J Neuroimaging 24:562–568

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Murphy A, De Oliveira Manoel AL, Macdonald RL, Baker A, Lee TY, Marotta T, Montanera W, Aviv R, Bharatha A (2017) Changes in cerebral perfusion with induced hypertension in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a pilot and feasibility study. Neurocrit Care 27:3–10

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Phan TG, Wright PM, Markus R, Howells DW, Davis SM, Donnan GA (2002) Salvaging the ischemic penumbra: more than just reperfusion? Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 29:1–10

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rabinstein AA, Weigand S, Atkinson JLD, Wijdicks EFM (2005) Patterns of cerebral infarction in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 36:992–997

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rass V, Helbok R (2021) How to diagnose delayed cerebral ischemia and symptomatic vasospasm and prevent cerebral infarction in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Curr Opin Crit Care 27:103–114

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rigante L, Van Lieshout JH, Vergouwen MDI, Van Griensven CHS, Vart P, Van der Loo L, De Vries J, Vinke RS, Etminan N, Aquarius R, Gruber A, Mocco J, Welch BG, Menovsky T, Kijn CJM, Bartels RHMA, Germans MR, Hänggi D, Boogaarts HD (2022) Time trends in the risk of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Neurosurg Focus 52:E2

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Taran S, Mandell DM, McCredie VA (2020) CT perfusion for the detection of delayed cerebral ischemia in the presence of neurologic confounders. Neurocrit Care 33:317–322

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tholance Y, Barcelos GK, Perret-Liaudet A, Omar E, Carrillon R, Grousson S, Lieutaud T, Dailler F, Marinesco S (2017) Placing intracerebral probes to optimize detection of delayed cerebral ischemia and allow for the prediction of patient outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Met 37:2820–2832

Article  Google Scholar 

van der Steen WE, Marquering HA, Boers AMM, Ramos LA, van den Berg R, Vergouwen MDI, Majoie CBLM, Coert BA, Vandertop WP, Verbaan D, Roos YBWEM (2019) Predicting delayed cerebral ischemia with quantified aneurysmal subarachnoid blood volume. World Neurosurg 130:e613–e619

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Veldemann M, Albanna W, Weiss M, Park S, Hoellig A, Clusmann H, Helnok R, Temel Y, Schubert GA (2021) Invasive multimodal neuromonitoring in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review. Stroke 52:3624–3632

Article  Google Scholar 

Verqouwen MD, Vermeulen M, van Gijn J, Rinkel GJ, Wijdicks FF, Muizelaar JP, Mendelow AD, Juvela S, Yonas H, Terbrugge KG, Macdonald RL, Diringer MN, Broderick JP, Dreier JP, Roos YB (2010) Definition of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage as an outcome event in clinical trials and observational studies: proposal of a multidisciplinary research group. Stroke 41:2391–2195

Article  Google Scholar 

Wagner M, Steinbeis P, Güresir E, Hattingen E, de Rochemont RM, Weidauer S, Berkefeld J (2013) Beyond delayed cerebral vasospasm: infarct patterns in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Neuroradiol 23:87–95

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Walther J, Kirsch EM, Hellwig L, Schmerbeck SS, Holloway PM, Buchan AM, Mergenthaler P (2023) Reinventing the penumbra – the emerging clockwork of a multi-modal mechanistic paradigm. Transl Stroke Res 14:643–666

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Weidauer S, Lanfermann H, Raabe A, Zanella F, Seifert V, Beck J (2007) Impairment of cerebral perfusion and infarct patterns attributable to vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective MRI and DSA study. Stroke 38:1831–1836

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zijlstra IA, Gathier CS, Boers AM, Marquering HA, Slooter AJ, Velthuis BK, Coert BA, Verbaan D, van den Berg R, Rinkel GJ, Majoie CB (2016) Association of automatically quantified total blood volume after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with delayed cerebral ischemia. Am J Neuroradiol 37:1588–1593

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar