Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekdela Amba University, Ethiopia

2 department of chemistry, kebri dehar university

3 department of Chemistry, University of Gondar

4 Chemistry, college of natural and computational sciences, Kebridehar university, Ethiopia

10.22036/abcr.2024.433164.2024

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), formed by the self-assembly of metal centers or clusters and organic linkers, possess many key structural and chemical features. MOFs are generally synthesized by employing a modular synthesis, where crystals are slowly grown from a hot solution by nucleation and growth mechanism to form porous structures. The advantages and applications of many MOFs are ultimately limited by their stability under harsh conditions. The factors that affect MOF stability under certain chemical environments are introduced to guide the design of robust structures. Therefore, stable MOFs are formed by using different techniques including modulated synthesis (spray drying, electrochemical, microwave-assisted, mechanochemical synthesis, microfluidic synthesis method). In particular, their high porosity, large surface area, tunable chemical composition, high degree of crystallinity, and potential for post-synthetic modification for molecular recognition make stable MOFs promising candidates for many implicated in the industry such as photocatalysis, hydrogen storage, adsorption, carbon capture, energy storage, biomedical application (drug delivery, antibacterial, biocatalysis and biological imaging) and sensing (fluorescent and electrochemical). Overall, this review is expected to guide the design of stable MOFs by providing insights into existing structures, which could lead to the discovery and development of more advanced functional materials for different applications.

Keywords