Anticancer, antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities of a new pyrazole containing thiosemicarbazone ligand and its Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and X-ray crystallography

Metal ions bind to certain coordinations in nucleic acids, altering conformations that have a biological impact. As a consequent, metal-based anticancer drugs have recently played a crucial role in chemotherapy treatment. Because of this, scientists concentrated on creating novel transition metal-based anticancer drugs for cancer therapy that had low cytotoxicity. Thiosemicarbazones serve as a remarkable and flexible ligating system, not only because they can provide a variety of donor atoms and have high litheness in terms of coordination chemistry, but also due to exhibition of attractive biological, physical and diverse structural properties by their complexes [[1], [2], [3]]. Thiosemicarbazones are thought to have a wide range of activities because of their effects on the formation of chelates with metal ions. Since thiosemicarbazone ligands exhibit a wide-ranging binding mode in their complexes, we have been investigating the chemistry of the first-row transition metal ion complexes of thiosemicarbazones [[4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]]. These compounds play a significant role in biological systems because they are an essential component of enzymes that are involved in metabolic or biochemical processes. As a result, several thiosemicarbazone complexes display increased activity in comparison to the free thiosemicarbazone ligands [[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]]. Because of their numerous potential medical uses [[16], [17], [18], [19], [20]], including antiparasitic [21], antibacterial [22], antitumor [23], antiviral [24], fungicidal [25], antineoplastic [26] and anticancer properties [[27], [28], [29], [30]], thiosemicarbazones and their metal ion complexes have been thoroughly researched. Due to their sulphur-rich coordination environment and potential biological activities, Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes of thiosemicarbazones have recently been receiving a lot of attention [[31], [32], [33], [34]]. Despite the widespread use of various organic dyes in the fields of printing, textile, cosmetics and paper industries [35,36], large quantities of non-biodegradable organic dye wastewater are being released into the environment without proper treatment, which have severely made harm to human survival [37,38], due to their toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenic properties [39]. Methylene blue (MB), a common chemical dye, can have adverse consequences like stomach aches, nausea, chest pain, dizziness, and unconsciousness when it builds up too much in the body of a person [40,41]. In order to remove organic dyes effectively, technologies like membrane separation, adsorption, filtration, reverse osmosis, electrolysis, coagulation and photocatalytic degradation are now being widely used to treat organic dye effluents [[42], [43], [44]]. Due to its characteristics of high efficiency, simplicity, low cost and environmental friendliness, the photocatalytic degradation process stands out among them as a promising, practical, and recyclable method [45]. Coordination compounds / polymers (Cps) are now being used as promising photocatalysts for the degradation of organic dyes due to their high specific surface area and numerous active sites [46].

As a part of syntheses and characterizations of new thiosemicarbazones and their metal ion complexes and in continuation of our earlier publications [[47], [48], [49], [50]], this communication aims to report the synthesis, spectral characterization, anticancer, antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities of Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes with the title ligand, HMPzNHPri, along with their x-ray crystallography.

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