Available online 5 May 2024, 151650

Author links open overlay panel, , , , , , , ABSTRACTObjectives

To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching-learning programs for cancer patients and/or their caregivers or family in preventing and controlling infections associated with long-term central venous access devices.

Data Sources

This systematic review used the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS, and MEDLINE via PubMed portal, Scopus, and Web of Science. Google Scholar was used for the gray literature search. The included studies were analyzed, and the obtained data were qualitatively synthesized. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane tools: RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021267530).

Conclusion

The teaching-learning programs were implemented through theoretical-practical and theoretical dimensions in five and two studies, respectively. The risk of bias in the studies was low, moderate, severe, and high in one, three, two, and one of them, respectively. The certainty was very low. Teaching-learning programs on central venous access devices care for cancer patients and/or their caregivers or families could be effective in reducing infection rates.

Implications for Nursing Practice

This systematic review addressed the teaching-learning programs for preventing and controlling infections associated with long-term central venous access devices. We identified that the most programs were effective in reducing the infection rates. The results may influence the clinical practice of oncology nurses, and consequently, the educational strategies and methods provided not only to these patients but for caregivers and families.

Section snippetsObjective

To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching-learning programs for cancer patients undergoing intravenous chemotherapy and/or their caregivers or family to prevent and control infections associated with long-term CVADs.

Study Design and Review Protocol

This study is a systematic review reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).17

The review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the number CRD42021267530, available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=267530.

Research Question

This review's research question was formulated based on the PICO strategy, namely: P (Population)—cancer patients undergoing

Results

After the searches in the electronic databases, 1,337 records were identified, among which 393 duplicates were removed. Consequently, all 944 screened records were evaluated in Rayyan by reading their titles and abstracts. After this stage, 878 records did not meet the eligibility criteria and were excluded; therefore, 66 reports were assessed for selection through full reading.

Seven of the remaining reports (n = 66) met the eligibility criteria; thus, they were included in the review and

Discussion

Patients with cancer present several risk factors for infection due to the mechanism of action of the chemotherapy, which tends to affect, indiscriminately, both malignant and healthy cells, including those that make up the immune system.30 The immune system's suppression is mainly responsible for causing prolonged neutropenia and impaired mucous membrane integrity.31

Most of these patients require a CVAD placement to facilitate the constant infusions inherent to chemotherapy, as well as for

Conclusion

The results of this systematic review enable the conclusion that the theoretical-practical teaching-learning programs on CVAD care, tailored for cancer patients undergoing intravenous chemotherapy and/or their caregivers or family, were effective in reducing the rates of CABSI when compared to the usual care and/or standard guidelines provided by the health team.

Among the exclusively theoretical teaching-learning programs, where practical skills training for patients and/or their caregivers or

Ethics Statement

Systematic review studies are considered by the Brazilian resolution as secondary research, which does not involve human beings or animals, and therefore do not need the evaluation of the Research Ethics Committee (CEP/CONEP system).

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Leticia Genova Vieira: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft. Guilherme Schneider: Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing. Amanda Salles Margatho: Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. Fernanda Titareli Merizio Martins Braga: Writing – review & editing. Christiane Inocêncio Vasques: Writing – review & editing. Tom Møller: Writing – review & editing. Elaine Barros Ferreira: Writing – review & editing. Renata

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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