Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has gained a lot of interest as a potassium storage material with a high anode capacity. However, the slow reaction kinetics, as well as its highly unstable structure prevent the full realization of its electrochemical performance during the insertion and extraction of K+. Herein, sulfur vacancy-modified MoS2 nanolayers grown coaxially with an external carbon coating and internal carbon nanotube support (denoted as C-MoS2-x@CNTs) are designed as anode materials for potassium storage. This unique structure enables fast K+ reaction kinetics facilitated by S vacancy engineering, uniform growth of MoS2 nanolayers controlled by internal carbon nanotubes, as well as the stability of the complete electrode preserved by the encapsulation of carbon. Therefore, the prepared C-MoS2-x@CNTs reveal a high rate performance value of 180.9 mAh g−1 (5 A g−1) with a reversible capacity value of 323.8 mAh g−1 (50 mA g−1). It sustains a capacity of 141.2 mAh g−1, exhibiting excellent cyclic stability, even following 300 cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1.

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