Recent trends in ginseng research

Piao X, Zhang H, Kang JP, Yang DU, Li Y, Pang S, Jin Y, Yang DC, Wang Y (2020) Advances in Saponin Diversity of Panax ginseng. Molecules 25:3452. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153452

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Sun Y, Liu X, Fu X, Xu W, Guo Q, Zhang Y (2023) Discrepancy study of the chemical constituents of Panax Ginseng from different growth environments with UPLC-MS-based metabolomics strategy. Molecules 28:2928. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072928

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Sun Y, Fu X, Qu Y, Chen L, Liu X, He Z, Xu J, Yang J, Ma W, Li J, Guo Q, Zhang Y (2023) Characterization of Ginsenosides from the Root of Panax ginseng by Integrating Untargeted Metabolites Using UPLC-Triple TOF-MS. Molecules 28:2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052068

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Yoon D, Shin WC, Oh SM, Choi BR, Lee DY (2022) Integration of multiplatform metabolomics and multivariate analysis for geographical origin discrimination of Panax ginseng. Food Res Int 159:111610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111610

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Bai H, Wang S, Liu J, Gao D, Jiang Y, Liu H, Cai Z (2016) Localization of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng with different age by matrix-assisted laser-desporption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry imaging. J Chromatogr B 1026:263–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.024

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Lee JW, Ji SH, Lee YS, Choi DJ, Choi BR, Kim GS, Baek NI, Lee DY (2017) Mass Spectrometry Based Profiling and Imaging of Various Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng Roots at Different Ages. Int J Mol Sci 18:1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061114

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Xiu Y, Li X, Sun X, Xiao D, Miao R, Zhao H, Liu S (2019) Simultaneous determination and difference evaluation of 14 ginsenosides in Panax ginseng roots cultivated in different areas and ages by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the multiple reactionemonitoring mode combined with multivariate statistical analysis. J Ginseng Res 43:508–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.001

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Li H, Jiang H, Xu L, Deng Y, Xu J, Zhao Y (2022) Effects of Different Extraction Methods in Pharmacopoeia on the Content and Structure Transformation of Ginsenosides. Molecules 27:4347. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144347

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Walia S, Kumar P, Kumar D, Kumar R (2023) A preliminary study on suitability of growing ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) in the Western Himalayan region. Plant Soil Environ 69(2):71–80. https://doi.org/10.17221/288/2022-PSE

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Guo N, Yang Y, Yang X, Guan Y, Yang J, Quan J, Yan H, Hou W, Zhang G (2021) Growth age of mountain cultivated ginseng affects its chemical composition. Ind Crops Prod 167:113531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113531

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Chen G, Zhang H, Jiang J, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zheng C, Xu H (2023) Metabolomics approach to growth-age discrimination in mountain-cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202300445

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Zhang HE, Li G, Hou JF, Han YY, Ye P, Chen CB, Xu XH, Wang EP (2023) Volatile Components’ Variation Analysis on Ginseng Stems and Leaves at Different Growth Ages by HS-SPME-GC-MS. J Chem. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4550047

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Yu Y, Nie J, Zhao B, Tan J, Lv C, Lu J (2023) Structure characterization and anti-fatigue activity of an acidic polysaccharide from Panax ginseng C. A Meyer. J Ethnopharmacol 301:115831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2022.115831

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Lee SJ, In G, Han ST, Lee MH, Lee JW, Shin KS (2020) Structural characteristics of a red ginseng acidic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I with immunostimulating activity from red ginseng. J Ginseng Res 44(4):570–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.05.002

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Lee SJ, In G, Lee JW, Shin KS (2021) Elucidation of the microstructure of an immuno-stimulatory polysaccharide purified from Korean red ginseng using sequential hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 186:13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.202

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Zhao B, Wang X, Liu H, Lv C, Lu J (2020) Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A Meyer. Int J Biol Macromol 150:737–745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.016

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Kim HM, Song Y, Hyun GH, Long NP, Park JH, Hsieh YSY, Kwon SW (2020) Characterization and antioxidant activity determination of neutral and acidic polysaccharides from Panax Ginseng C. A Meyer. Molecules 25:791. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040791

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Matsumoto S, Doi H, Kasuga J (2022) Changes over the years in soil chemical properties associated with the cultivation of ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) on Andosol Soil. Agriculture 12:1223. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081223

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Yun YB, Huh JH, Um Y (2022) Correlations among Soil properties, growth characteristics, and ginsenoside contents in wild-simulated ginseng with different ages. Forests 13:2065. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13122065

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Kim K, Huh JH, Um Y, Jeon KS, Kim HJ (2020) The Comparative of Growth Characteristics and Ginsenoside Contents in Wild-simulated Ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer) on Different Years by Soil Properties of Cultivation Regions. Korean J Plant Res 33(6):651–658. https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2020.33.6.651

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Yun YB, Kim K, Huh JH, Um Y (2023) Relationships between rhizosphere environments and growth of 10-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. Agronomy 13:1313. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051313

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Sun J, Luo H, Yu Q, Kou B, Jiang Y, Weng L, Xiao C (2022) Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng yield and quality and affects diversity and structure of rhizosphere fungal communities. Front Microbiol 13:919434. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.919434

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Eo J, Mo HS, Park KC (2018) Abiotic Factors Influencing Growth and Ginsenoside Content of Panax ginseng Roots. Hortic Sci Technol 36(5):681–690. https://doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20180068

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Liu C, Xia R, Tang M, Liu X, Bian R, Yang L, Zheng J, Cheng K, Zhang X, Drosos M, Li L, Shan S, Joseph S, Pan G (2022) More microbial manipulation and plant defense than soil fertility for biochar in food production: a field experiment of replanted ginseng with different biochars. Front Microbiol 13:1065313. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1065313

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Zhang S, Han J, Liu N, Sun J, Chen H, Xia J, Ju H, Liu S (2023) Botrytis cinerea hypovirulent strain △BcSpd1 induced Panax ginseng defense. J Ginseng Res 47(6):773–783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2023.08.005

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Park YH, Kim Y, Mishra RC, Bae H (2017) Fungal endophytes inhabiting mountain-cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer): Diversity and biocontrol activity against ginseng pathogens. Sci Rep 7:16221. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16181-z

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Park YH, Mishra RC, Yoon S, Kim H, Park C, Seo ST, Bae H (2019) Endophytic Trichoderma citrinoviride isolated from mountain-cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng) has great potential as a biocontrol agent against ginseng pathogens. J Ginseng Res 43:408–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2018.03.002

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Chowdhury MDEK, Bae H (2018) Bacterial endophytes isolated from mountain-cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng Mayer) have biocontrol potential against ginseng pathogens. Biol Control 126:97–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.08.006

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Sun Z, Yang L, Zhang L, Han M (2018) An investigation of Panax ginseng Meyer growth promotion and the biocontrol potential of antagonistic bacteria against ginseng black spot. J Ginseng Res 42:304–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2017.03.012

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Dong L, Bian X, Zhao Y, Yang H, Xu Y, Han Y, Zhang L (2022) Rhizosphere analysis of field-grown Panax ginseng with different degrees of red skin provides the basis for preventing red skin syndrome. BMC Microbiol 22:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02430-9

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Tong AZ, Liu W, Liu Q, Xia GQ, Zhu JY (2021) Diversity and composition of the Panax ginseng rhizosphere microbiome in various cultivation modesand ages. BMC Microbiol 21:18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-020-02081-2

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