∗Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

†Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) Wessex

‡Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton

§Southern Gambling Service, Southern Health NHS Foundation Service

∥Specialist Clinic for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 S Maryland Ave, MC 3077, Chicago, IL 60637; E-mail: [email protected]

Conflicts of interest and source of funding: There was no funding for this study. Dr Grant has received research grants from Biohaven and Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Dr Grant receives yearly compensation from Springer Publishing for acting as Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Gambling Studies and has received royalties from Oxford University Press, American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc, Norton Press, and McGraw Hill. Dr Chamberlain's role and research is funded by the NHS. Dr Chamberlain receives honoraria from Elsevier for his role as associate editor at journals. Dr Driessens reports no conflicts of interest. Dr Driessens' role in this study was supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research ARC Wessex, UK. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the National Institute for Health and Care Research or the Department of Health and Social Care, UK.

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