Available online 11 March 2024, 110822

Abscisic acid (ABA) and indole- 3-acetic acid (IAA) are the key hormones that affect the germination of sapindus seeds.

Through transcriptome analysis, we speculated that CYP707A and IPA are key genes in the ABA and IAA synthesis pathways, respectively.

Morphological and cytological changes of sapindus seeds during germination were enriched by SEM and TEM.

Expansins is related to radicle growth during sapindus seed germination.

Sapindus mukorossi has a wide distribution range, high application value, and broad developmental potential. Previous studies have mostly focused on the medicinal and economic value of soapberry; however, few studies have been conducted on its seed germination. This study measured the physiological indicators and hormone content of soapberry seeds at different germination stages and preliminarily determined that abscisic acid (ABA) and indole- 3-acetic acid (IAA) are the key hormones that affect the germination of soapberry seeds. Both Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG enrichment) analyses detected hormone transduction pathways, further confirming the key role of plant hormones in the germination process of soapberry seeds. Through transcriptome analysis, we speculated that CYP707A and IPA are key genes in the ABA and IAA synthesis pathways, respectively. This study revealed the close relationship between plant hormones and soapberry seed germination and provided new ideas for further exploration of the germination mechanism of soapberry seeds.

Sapindus mukorossi

Seed germination

Hormone content

Transcriptome

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the NCBI repository, with the accession codes “ PRJNA1045019 ”(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/ PRJNA1045019).

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.