Anaemia is a prominent problem in India, with more than half of women of reproductive age (15–49 years) suffering from it (Country Nutrition Profiles 2022). As per the National Family Health Survey 5 (NFHS-5), anaemic women aged 15–49 years comprised 57.2% of non-pregnant women, 52.2% of pregnant women, and 57.0% of all women aged 15–49 years in India (NFHS-5, 2021) (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India 2021). Reproductive women tend to be more susceptible to anaemia because of inadequate nutritional intake and deficiencies in iron during menstrual periods and pregnancy (Dugdale, 2001). This anaemia occurs when the amount of red blood cells or their haemoglobin concentrations are below normal levels. Haemoglobin is essential for carrying oxygen, and when there are inadequate red blood cells or haemoglobin, the blood's capacity to supply oxygen to the body's tissues is decreased. It tends to have various symptoms, including weariness, tiredness, vertigo, and breathing difficulties in the anaemic person. The optimum haemoglobin amount required to satisfy physiological requirements differs according to age, gender, location, health behaviours, and reproductive status of a woman. Nutrition deficiencies, especially iron deficiency, occur due to lower amounts of folic, vitamin B12, and A, all of which are significant matters, and infectious ailments like malaria, tuberculosis, HIV, and intestinal parasites comprise the most common causes of anaemia (World Health Organization 2023). One of the research studies looked at the frequency and causes of anaemia in women. It was also projected that rural women would have a higher intensity of anaemia than urban women, especially in groups with lower incomes, and that women with a lower body mass index (BMI; 18.5 kg) were expected to be at higher risk than healthy or overweight women (Bentley and Griffiths, 2003). Anaemia can pose a serious concern for pregnant women, who are acutely vulnerable; they may tend to the increased risk of both maternal and infant mortality. The global burden of anaemia stays high, especially in lower-income states where such a substantial number of women of reproductive age are presumed to be anaemic. Anaemia caused by iron deficiency is also linked to impaired physical and cognitive growth in children and decreased productivity among women (World Health Organization 2023). Moreover, it means that women experiencing a heavy workload without much leisure time are more likely to be iron deficient. Regarding dietary consumption, women's intake of fruits, vitamin C, and dal is low, which might be an expected reason for anaemia in women (Unisa et al., 2010). The prevalence and circulation of anaemia in a population are determined by a complicated, complex interaction of ideological, environmental, sociocultural, and physiological, which results in global anaemia disparities that represent clear differences between developed and developing nations and discrepancy attention to the predictors of iron deficiency anaemia (Balarajan et al., 2011). The study (Chellan and Paul, 2010) addressed anaemia, one of the destructive cycles for women in India because as girls get married and join motherhood with poor iron status at a quite early age, mostly anaemia was prevalent among them from adolescence into adulthood, that eventually causes maternal comorbidities and low-birth-weight baby. Existing studies on reproductive-aged women's anaemia have primarily focused on socio-demographic characteristics such as maternal age, wealth quintiles, educational status, place of residence, social groupings, and so on (Bharati et al., 2012); (Sharif et al., 2023) demonstrates that such potential factors increase the risk of anaemia. Although iron deficiency is widespread among WRA, they are in risk groups (MacLean et al., 2023), and the research has reported different causes and consequences of anaemia. These are not all combined in an exact location. Thus, the present research aims to examine the spatial prevalence and consequences of anaemia status. Also, to identify the socio-demographic determining factors leading to anaemia in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in India's Empowered Action Group States. As a result, the government and other stakeholders could create evidence-based solution to women's health issues such as anaemia and evaluate the adoption of programs and policies that attempt to make positive contributions for women to minimise the predominance of anaemia.