AHN LifeFlight, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Correspondence: Cassandra Asberry, BA, EMT-P, NRP, FP-C, Allegheny General Hospital, 320 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 ([email protected]).

The authors acknowledge Brandon Jones, AS, NRP, FP-C, for assistance with data collection, and Jenna Li, MS, of Allegheny Singer Research Institute, for invaluable statistical analyses.

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

The authors report no conflict of interest during the conduct of this study.