1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

2The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia

3School of Medicine & Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

4University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

5Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, 02111, USA

6Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden

7Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA

8University New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

aCorrespondence to: Hiddo Lambers Heerspink, PhD Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, De Brug 50C-1-002; EB70, University Medical Center Groningen, Postbox 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands Tel: +31-50-3617859; Fax: +31-50-3617889; E-mail: [email protected]

*Current address: Global Medical Affairs, Clinical, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden