Schaefer S. Hepatitis B virus taxonomy and hepatitis B virus genotypes. World J Gastroenterol. 2007;13(1):14. https://doi.org/10.3748/WJG.V13.I1.14.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Zuckerman JN, Zuckerman AJ. Current topics in hepatitis B. J Infect. 2000;41(2):130–6. https://doi.org/10.1053/JINF.2000.0720.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Revill PA, Chisari FV, Block JM, Dandri M, Gehring AJ, Guo H, et al. Global scientific strategy to cure hepatitis B. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;4(7):545–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30119-0.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Schweitzer A, Horn J, Mikolajczyk RT, Krause G, Ott JJ. Estimations of worldwide prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review of data published between 1965 and 2013. Lancet. 2015;386(10003):1546–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61412-X.
Paik JM, Golabi P, Younossi Y, Mishra A, Younossi ZM. Changes in the global burden of chronic liver diseases from 2012 to 2017: the growing impact of NAFLD. Hepatology. 2020;72(5):1605–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/HEP.31173.
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2095–128.
Lampertico P, Agarwal K, Berg T, Buti M, Janssen HLA, Papatheodoridis G, et al. EASL 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol. 2017;67(2):370–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHEP.2017.03.021.
Raimondo G, Allain JP, Brunetto MR, Buendia MA, Chen DS, Colombo M, et al. Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol. 2008;49(4):652–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.014.
The World Health Organisation. Guidelines on hepatitis B and C testing. Guidelines on hepatitis B and C testing. Published 2017. Accessed November 5, 2022. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/254621/1/9789241549981-eng.pdf?ua=1%0A, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28742301%0A, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28742301
Torbenson M, Thomas DL. Occult hepatitis B. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002;2(8):479–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(02)00345-6.
Mak LY, Wong DKH, Pollicino T, Raimondo G, Hollinger FB, Yuen MF. Occult hepatitis B infection and hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, virology, hepatocarcinogenesis and clinical significance. J Hepatol. 2020;73(4):952–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHEP.2020.05.042.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Yip TCF, Wong GLH. Current knowledge of occult hepatitis B infection and clinical implications. Semin Liver Dis. 2019;39(2):249–60. https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0039-1678728/ID/JR1800065-45.
Takuissu GR, Kenmoe S, Atsama MA, Okobalemba EA, Mbaga DS, Ebogo-Belobo JT, et al. Global epidemiology of occult hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors, a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2022;17(8):e0272920. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0272920.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Im YR, Jagdish R, Leith D, Kim JU, Yoshida K, Majid A, et al. Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;7(10):932–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00201-1.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hunter JP, Saratzis A, Sutton AJ, Boucher RH, Sayers RD, Bown MJ. In meta-analyses of proportion studies, funnel plots were found to be an inaccurate method of assessing publication bias. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014;67(8):897–903. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLINEPI.2014.03.003.
Abu El Makarem MA, Hamid MA, Aleem AA, Ali A, Shatat M, Sayed D, et al. Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients from Egypt with or without hepatitis C virus infection. Hepat Mon. 2012;12(4):253. https://doi.org/10.5812/HEPATMON.665.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ismail H, Soliman M, Ismail N. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Egyptian hemodialysis patients with or without hepatitis C virus infection. Pathol Lab Med Int. 2010;2:113–20. https://doi.org/10.2147/PLMI.S12341.
Saad El Dine S, El Said M, El-Dabaa E, Abdel Raoof E, Raafat M, Nabil M, et al. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in haemodialysis Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C. Life Sci J. 2013;10(3):1097–135.
Mandour M, Nemr N, Shehata A, Kishk R, Badran D, Hawass N. Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2015;48(3):258–64. https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0037-2015.
Esmail MA, Mahdi WKM, Khairy RM, Abdalla NH. Genotyping of occult hepatitis B virus infection in Egyptian hemodialysis patients without hepatitis C virus infection. J Infect Public Health. 2016;9(4):452–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JIPH.2015.11.018.
Zaki ME, Rafaat D, Eliwa A, Abdelsalam M. Occult hepatitis B among patients under hemodialysis at Mansoura University Hospitals: prevalence and risk factors. Virol Antivir Res. 2015;2014(01). https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8955.1000118
Helaly GF, El Ghazzawi EF, Shawky SM, Farag FM. Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria. Egypt J Infect Public Health. 2015;8(6):562–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JIPH.2015.04.019.
Mohamed AS, Fattah NRA, Ismail WA, Abdel-Latif E. Occult hepatitis B virus infection among hemodialysis patients in Fakous General Hospital. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2020;81(3):1648–53. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJHM.2020.117022.
Mohamed NS, Abdelghani HM. High prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection among frequently blood transfused children: a single Egyptian center experience. Int J Pediatr. 2020;8(12):12523–32. https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2020.52174.4147.
Shaker O, Ahmed A, Satar IA, El Ahl H, Shousha W, Doss W. Occult hepatitis B in Egyptian thalassemic children. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011;6(04):340–6. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.1706.
Said ZNA, El-Sayed MH, El-Bishbishi IA, El-Fouhil DF, Abdel-Rheem SE, El-Abedin MZ, et al. High prevalence of occult hepatitis B in hepatitis C-infected Egyptian children with haematological disorders and malignancies. Liver Int. 2009;29(4):518–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1478-3231.2009.01975.X.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
El Sheredy GA, Abd El Kader MO, Fathy El Ghazzawy E, Fahmy HG, El Naggar AA, Muzamil MM. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with blood diseases. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2015;4(1):1–10.
Emara MH, El-Gammal NE, Mohamed LA, Bahgat MM. Occult hepatitis B infection in Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients: prevalence, impact on pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy. Virol J. 2010;7(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-7-324.
Daef EA, Makhlouf NA, Ahmed EH, Mohamed AI, Abd El Aziz MH, El-Mokhtar MA. Serological and molecular diagnosis of occult hepatitis B virus infection in hepatitis C chronic liver diseases. Egypt J Immunol. 2017;24(1):37–48.
El-Ghitany EM, Farghaly AG, Hashish MH. Occult hepatitis B virus infection among hepatitis C virus seropositive and seronegative blood donors in Alexandria. Egypt J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2013;88(1):8–13. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.EPX.0000422774.29308.B3.
Omar HH, Taha SA, Hassan WH, Omar HH. Impact of schistosomiasis on increase incidence of occult hepatitis B in chronic hepatitis C patients in Egypt. J Infect Public Health. 2017;10(6):761–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JIPH.2016.11.010.
El-Sherif A, Abou-Shady M, Abou-Zeid H, Elwassief A, Elbahrawy A, Ueda Y, et al. Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen as a screening test for occult hepatitis B virus infection in Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients. J Gastroenterol. 2009;44(4):359–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00535-009-0020-3/TABLES/3.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
El-Sherif WT, Sayed SK, Afifi NA, El-Amin HA. Occult hepatitis B infection among Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients and its relation with liver enzymes and hepatitis B markers. Life Sci J. 2012;9(2):1097–1135. https://doi.org/10.7537/marslsj090212.69.
Mahmoud OAEK, Ghazal AAER, Metwally DES, Shamseya MM, Hamdallah HM. Detection of occult hepatitis B virus among chronic hepatitis C patients. Alexandria J Med. 2016;52(2):115–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AJME.2015.06.003.
Selim HS, Abou-Donia HA, Taha HA, El Azab GI, Bakry AF. Role of occult hepatitis B virus in chronic hepatitis C patients with flare of liver enzymes. Eur J Intern Med. 2011;22(2):187–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EJIM.2010.12.001.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Naga M, Amin M, Algendy D, El Badry A, Fawzi M. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in a cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Arch Hepat Res. 2019;5(1):017–21. https://doi.org/10.17352/AHR.000022.
Thabit AG, Hassan MA, Agban MN, Makhlouf NA, Khalil NK, Hassan HAM, et al. Prevalence of occult HBV infection among chronic hepatitis C patients in Upper Egypt. Egyptian J Immunol. 2017;24(1):131–42. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29120585/
El-Maraghy NN, Khalil FA, Dessouki O, Hassan R. Prevalence of occult HBV infection in HCV positive patients in Suez Canal area. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2015;4(2):497–505.
Sheneef A, Yousef LM, Nor El-Din AK. Occult hepatitis B infection in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Life Sci J. 2012;9(3):1097–135. https://doi.org/10.7537/marslsj090312.41.
Taha SE, El-Hady SA, Ahmed TM, Ahmed IZ. Detection of occult HBV infection by Nested PCR assay among chronic hepatitis C patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma. Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 2013;14(4):353–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EJMHG.2013.06.001.
EL-Bassuoni AM, Talaat MR, Fathy AA, Zamzam MS. Occult hepatitis B and carcinogenesis markers in chronic hepatitis C infection. Egypt J Med Microbiol. 2014;23(2):75–84. https://doi.org/10.12816/0025686
Abd-Elfatah S, Salah Shabana H, M El-Kheshin GA. Prevalence of occult HBV infection in hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt. AAMJ. 2013;11(4)189–232.
Hassan ZK, Hafez MM, Mansor TM, Zekri ARN. Occult HBV infection among Egyptian hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Virol J. 2011;8(1):1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-8-90/TABLES/4.
留言 (0)